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Soft Matter
Crystals
Block Copolymers
Techniques
Miscellaneous
100
What does the term "soft matter" refer to?
Matter that is neither an (atomic) crystalline solid, nor a simple liquid.
100
What determines whether an observer would find a particular collection of matter to be a liquid?
The observer’s time scale.
100
What is a block copolymer?
Two or more homopolymer subunits linked by covalent bonds
100
What is Molecular Beam Epitaxy?
A technique used to overlay films onto metals or semiconductors without defects
100
What country is Professor Osuji originally from?
Trinidad & Tobago
200
What length scale range and energy scale is soft matter dominated by?
Length: Atomic (angstroms) to Macroscopic (mm or more) Energy: Thermal
200
What are the three different liquid crystal phases?
Nematic, Smectic A, Smectic C
200
Name one of the two major applications for self assembled block copolymers.
Roofing compounds, soles of running shoes
200
What is electrospraying?
A technique that used for a device that employs electricity to disperse a liquid or for the fine aerosol resulting from this process.
200
Why did Professor Osuji get into engineering?
Series of books on physical chemistry that his parents had
300
How do soft matter time scales compare with simple liquids?
Much longer
300
What are the three types of crystals?
Atomic, colloidal, and liquid
300
What are some limitations of using block copolymers?
Low energy density of soft materials leads to the existence of defects
300
What are some factors that can be controlled in Substrate Equilibriated Deposition?
Control rate of arrival of polymer, Restrict/control solvent content in arriving material, restrict droplet size of arriving material so that surface effects can hold sway, surface diffusion is fast relative to depositionControl rate of arrival of polymer, Restrict/control solvent content in arriving material, restrict droplet size of arriving material so that surface effects can hold sway, surface diffusion is fast relative to deposition
300
What is one commercial application of Professor Osuji’s work?
Photovoltaics, Batteries, Templated synthesis of nanomaterials
400
What is the formula for cohesive energy density?
(number density) x (energy of each contact or bond)
400
Order the following states of soft matter from loosest packing to tightest packing: Glass, Liquid-solid coexistence, Crystal close packing, liquid, FCC crystal, Random close packing.
Liquid, Liquid-solid coexistence, FCC crystal, Glass, Crystal Close Packing
400
Name three methods of aligning microstructure in block copolymers.
Shear flow, Electric Fields, Surface forces, Epitaxy, Graphoepitaxy, Confinement, Zone heating, Directional solidification, Directional evaporation, Electrospray deposition, Magnetic Fields
400
Illustrate the process of spin-coating.
http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2007/ph210/hellstrom1/images/f2big.jpg
400
Where did Professor Osuji go for Undergrad, Grad School, and his Post-Doc?
Undergrad at Cornell, Graduate School at MIT, Post-Doc at Harvard
500
What is the important molecular characteristic of soaps and detergents?
Their particles are amphiphilic -- that is, partly hydrophilic (polar) and partly hydrophobic (non-polar)
500
What is the process known to grow macroscopic single crystals?
Czochralski process
500
What are the two polymers that are commonly used to make thermoplastic elastomers?
Polystyrene and polybutadiene
500
Difference between neutral and preferential wetting in electrospray setup in terms of orientation of microstructure?
Neutral: vertical growth Preferential: planar
500
Name one of the two people who said that block copolymers are great.
Ed Kramer, Ned Thomas