SCI
True or False: Clients with an injury at the C4 level are able to use a tenodesis grasp.
False. Clients with an injury at the C6 level are able to use a tenodesis grasp.
True or False: Traumatic injuries are the primary cause of amputations in the U.S.
False. Most amputations are related to vascular disease.
True or False: Occupational therapy practitioners can determine the initial dose of oxygen therapy for clients with respiratory conditions.
FALSE. Respiratory therapists most often determine the initial dose of oxygen therapy. However, OT practitioners can adjust oxygen flow using clinical reasoning skills and input from RT and nursing.
Describe the PURPOSE and BEHAVIORS ASSESSED on the Glasgow Coma Scale
Purpose – measure level of consciousness after brain injury. Behaviors – eye, verbal, and motor responses.
True or False: The average life expectancy of a person with Huntington's disease is 3-5 years.
False. It is typically about 20 years.
List two topics an OT would cover when educating a client with an SCI about pressure relief.
- Establishing hygiene habits such as ensuring cleanliness after self-catheterization, bowel program, sexual activity, and physical activity to ensure dry and intact skin
- Using an inspection mirror to visualize difficult to see body parts
- Frequent position changes
- Pressure relief strategies in a chair or bed with UE
- Training on use of wheelchair features for pressure relief (tilt, recline, etc.)
- Supine <> sit transfers
- Safely moving body parts across various seating surfaces
This condition occurs in amputees who experience uncomfortable or irritating sensations in the area previously occupied by the amputated limb.
Phantom pain or phantom sensation
Define the term dyspnea.
Difficult or labored breathing
Maria had a stroke. She occasionally opens her eyes and makes non-specific movements in response to loud noises or painful stimuli. Her responses are inconsistent and not purposeful. Which Ranchos level best describes this person?
Level II – Generalized response
A client with R hemiparesis is working on UB dressing. The OTA asks him to retrieve his shirt from the closet, put it on, button it, and tuck it into his pants. This is an example of which type of motor learning practice?
Whole task practice. The client completes the whole task rather than just one part.
List an intervention, process, or device that is important for management of neurogenic bowel/bladder for a person with an SCI.
Digital stimulation, catheterization (self-, indwelling, or intermittent), consistent bowel/bladder programs, nutrition/hydration education, padded commode chair.
It is important to avoid this position to promote full ROM and prevent contractures in a client with a lower extremity amputation.
Knee flexion.
What is the normal SPO2 range for a person with emphysema or bronchitis? (Hint: X% - Y%)
88% to 92%
Emily had a TBI after an MVA. She can perform simple tasks with supervision and shows goal-directed behavior. She has difficulty with complex tasks and needs reminders for daily routines. Which Ranchos level best describes this person?
Level VI – Confused, Appropriate
List three posterior hip precautions.
1. No internal rotation
2. No hip flexion past 90 degrees
3. No crossing the legs.
Describe three symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia.
Symptoms include a sudden increase in systolic BP, severe headache, bradycardia, goosebumps, flushing, and sweating above level of SCI.
Note: AD is an exaggerated, reflexive sympathetic response, generally in an individual with a complete SCI/D at T6 or above. This response causes a very high blood pressure and potentially life threatening symptoms that happen due to stimuli such as pain, irritation, constipation, or a full bladder.
This type of UE prosthetic uses a harness system to open and close the terminal device.
Body-powered prosthetic
People with asthma using a meter dose inhaler should use a ______ to trap medication from the device while inhaling slowly.
Spacer
Sarah sustained a brain injury. She is restless, easily frustrated, and often attempts to remove her IV and heart monitor and leave her bed. She has difficulty understanding her surroundings and requires constant supervision. Which Ranchos level best describes this person?
Level IV – Confused, Agitated
This condition develops rapidly and often follows a viral illness, immunization, or surgery
Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS)
A client with an injury defined as an ASIA E on the ASIA Impairment Scale would need what level of assistance to complete BADL?
Very little or no assistance. A person who is at the ASIA E level has "normal" sensation and motor function.
This term describes an amputation that results in a person losing the limb distal to the patellofemoral joint.
Below knee amputation (BKA)
Describe the procedure for instructing a person in diaphragmatic breathing. (Position of the body/hands and directions)
Lying down, hand on stomach and hand on chest. Breathe without moving hand on chest, just move stomach and this will strength the diaphragm.
1. Anosagnosia
2. Broca's aphasia
3. Wernicke's aphasia
1. Anosagnosia - a neurological condition characterized by a lack of awareness or insight into a disability or mental illness
2. Broca's aphasia - expressive aphasia; difficulty producing understandable speech
3. Wernicke's aphasia - receptive aphasia; difficulty understanding verbal communication
List one body system and the impact of chemotherapy on this system.