Joint System and Mechanics
What is the "axial" skeletal system composed of?
head, neck, thorax, spine, sacrum, and coccyx
Define the anatomical planes.
Saggital, coronal, and transverse
What is a "line of pull."
What is a push or pull action that is presented as a vector.
Force
Length of the lever arm
What is the shoulder girdle composed of and what is the movement that it makes for functional activities?
Scapula, Clavicle, Humerus, and Glenoid Fossa
**Scapulohumeral Rhythm
Define anatomical Position.
Upright
Eyes Forward
Feet Parallel and Close Together
Arms at the sides on the sides of the body
Palms facing forward
What is a muscle unit?
Entire length of a muscle from one attachment to another.
If 2 people are pulling a boat in the same direction--what type of force is that?
Linear Forces
What would be an example of an external simple machine?
adaptive device
What is the function of the bone?
What movement is bending of one bone to another bringing 2 body segments together.
Flexion
Sagittal Plane
Around the frontal Axis
Define aponeurosis.
A specialized tendon that has a broad and tendinous sheet, an attachment for the abdominal muscles
Define COG and why it is important.
The point at which all our planes meet--the balance point of an object at which torque on all sides is equal.
What are the 3 types of levers?
1st class
2nd class
3rd class
What is an example of a closed chain movement and what does closed chain mean?
Closed chain movement includes proximal attachment pulls towards distal attachment
**reversal of muscle action**
Push up or Pull Up
What movement occurs at the ankle?
Ankle flexion: Plantar Flexion
Ankle Extension: Dorsiflexion
Describe a muscle structure down to the cell level.
Skeletal muscle (Belly)
Muscle Fiber=muscle cell
Fasicle: Bundle of Muscle Fibers
Motor Neuron: Neuron + Fasicle
True/False. The higher the COG the more stable.
False--the lower the COG the more stable the force.
What type of lever has an axis in the middle and what is an example of one.
1st class lever---think of a see saw-and CERVICAL spine
What is an ADL that is tied to an open chain?
...
Open chain is proximal stability with distal mobility.
Demonstrate the following movements: Abduction/Adduction at the GH joint.
..
What pulls together the Z-Discs to produce a muscle contraction?
Myosin-actin
_____ Base of Support in the Direction of Force Increases ____________.
Wide; Stability
What type of lever is the biceps and can the type of lever change?
3rd-class lever