Earth's Structure
The rigid rock, together with the crust makes up this.
What is the lithosphere?
This describes the process of forming new ocean crust.
What is seafloor spreading?
The rock above the fault is called this.
What is a hanging wall?
The large depression that forms if a crater and the land around it collapse after an eruption.
What is a caldera?
This occurs when denser crust is pushed below less dense crust into the mantle.
What is subduction?
Of continental crust and oceanic crust, this one is denser.
What is oceanic?
Creation scientists use this biblical event to explain how the movement of plates happened more quickly than billions of years.
When an earthquake occurs in the ocean or along the coast, this can form and cause major destruction.
What is a tsunami?
A volcano sits over a large _________________ of molten rock, forming a conical structure.
What is magma chamber?
The type of wave that causes the crust to move side-to-side and up and down.
What is an L-wave?
The layer of the Earth that creates Earth's magnetic field.
What is the outer core?
Plates move because of the action of _________ currents, created by the heating and cooling of magma in the mantle.
What are convection currents?
The three major types of waves.
What are P-waves, S-waves, and L-waves?
The three main types of volcanoes.
What are cinder cone, composite, and shield?
This type of erupts runny lava, produces quiet eruptions, and forms at hotspots.
What is a shield volcano?
The four main layers of the Earth, starting with the OUTERMOST layer.
What are the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core?
The three main types of boundaries that plates move along.
What are divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries, and transform boundaries?
What are normal faults, reverse faults, and strike-slip faults?
The main difference between pohoehoe and a'a lava.
What is that pahoehoe is low-viscosity runny lava, while a'a is thick, pasty, and high-viscous?
Three major evidences of seafloor spread.
What are magnetic reversal, depth of sediment, and radiometric dating?
The three main elements that make up the mantle.
What are oxygen, silicon, and aluminum?
Three DIFFERENT categories of evidence that support the idea of continental drift.
What are the continents fitting together like a puzzle, similar fossils (and rock beds) found in Africa and South America, and climate evidence like coal in Antarctica and glacial rocks in Africa?
The difference between what the Richter scale and Mercalli scale measure.
Aside from lava, these two deadly "flows" are also produced.
What are pyroclastic flows and lahars?
The three major types of forces that produce faults, AND the faults that they match.
What are compression force with reverse faults, tension force with normal faults, and shear force with strike-slip faults?