Vocabulary
A measure of how much matter exists in an object.
What is Mass
What is another term for orbitals in an atom?
a. Alpha particles
b. Spectrographs
c. Electron clouds
D. Centripetal enclosures
What is c, electron clouds.
Which model of the atom has the electrons traveling around the nucleus in orbitals rather than orbits?
What is the quantum-mechanical model
An atom has five protons and seven neutrons. How many electrons does it have?
What is five electrons
Atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons
True or false: All atoms of the same element are identical.
What is false.
Elements have isotopes, so two atoms of the same element can have different masses.
A force that acts on an object moving in a circle, directed toward the center of the circle.
What is Centripetal force
What is found in the atom's nucleus?
What are protons and neutrons
Describe the differences between the plum-pudding model of the atom and the planetary model of the atom.
What is in the plum pudding model the atom is composed of a glob of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in the glob. In the planetary model, the positive charge is concentrated in the center of the atom, and the electrons orbit the positive charge.
An electron is gaining energy. Is it moving away from the nucleus or closer to the nucleus?
What is moving away from the nucleus.
The closer to the nucleus, the lower the energy. If an electron is gaining energy, then, it is moving away from the nucleus.
Atoms in the same element that have different masses are called?
What is Isotopes
An instrument that measures the mass of individual atoms or molecules.
What is Mass spectograph
Which kind of radioactive particles are positively charged?
a. Alpha particles
b. Beta particles
c. Gamma particles
D. Neutrons
What is A, Alpha particles
Remember Rutherford used alpha particles in his experiment, and the results came because they were positively charged.
Which experiment showed that atoms can accept only specific amounts of energy?
a. Rutherford's gold foil experiment
b. Aston's mass spectrograph experiment
c. The Franck-Hertz experiment
d. the Crooked tube experiment
What is c, the Franck-Hertz experiment
An object has no charge, and you want it to become positively charged. Do you add electrons to it or take electrons away from it?
What is you take electrons away from it.
Electrons are negatively charged. If you take electrons away, that makes the object more positive. Adding electrons makes the object more negative.
You see an object floating in a liquid. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The object has more mass than the liquid.
b. The object has less mass than the liquid.
c. The object has a higher density than the liquid.
d. The object has a lower density than the liquid.
What is d.
The mass-to-volume ratio of a substance.
What is Density
Which particle in an atom's nucleus has no charge?
What is a neutron
Which model of the atom assumed that electrons orbit the nucleus in specific orbits, each of which has a specific amount of energy?
a. The planetary model
b. The Bohr model
c. The plum pudding model
What is the Bohr model
A proton's charge-to-mass ratio is much lower than the electron's charge-to-mass ratio. However, ignoring the signs of the charges, the proton's charge is equal to the electron's charge. Is the proton's mass smaller than, equal to, or greater than the electron's mass?
What is the proton's mass is greater than the electron's mass.
Remember, you divide charge by mass to get the charge-to-mass ratio. Since the charges are the same, you get a smaller number if you divide by a larger mass.
The center of the atom, where there is a concentrated, positive charge is called?
What is a nucleus
A representation of a process or an object in nature that allows us to more easily understand it.
What is a Model
What produces an interference pattern?
A. Overlapping waves
B. Colliding particles
C. Isotopes
D. Mass Spectrograph
What is A, Overlapping waves
Which model of the atom is currently accepted as being correct?
a. The plum pudding model
b. The planetary model
c. The Bohr model
d. The quantum-mechanical model
What is the quantum-mechanical model
An atom has seven protons and eight neutrons. Which of the following would be one of its isotopes?
a. An atom with 8 protons and 8 neutrons
b. An atom with 7 protons and 7 neutrons
c. An atom with 8 electrons and 7 neutrons
d. An atom with 8 protons and 7 neutrons
What is b, To be an isotope, it has to have the same number of protons as the other atom, but it has to have different numbers of neutrons
True or false: If object A weighs more than object B, then object A's mass is larger than object B's mass.
What is true.
Mass and weight are not the same, but they are related.