3.1.1 Australian before humans
This is what resulted from the separation of the Australian continent from other landmasses around 50 million years ago, leading to the unique evolution of its flora and fauna.
What is biological isolation?
Before European colonisation, many Indigenous Australian communities practiced this method of land management, which involved controlled burning to promote new growth and aid in hunting.
What is fire-stick farming?
The first non-indigenous settlers to Australia were the Europeans and more specifically the British and Irish farmers, explorers, administrators and convicts
What is Early Colonisation 1788 - 1859?
In the early 1970s, the campaign to save this Tasmanian lake marked one of the first major environmental movements in Australia, ultimately leading to its flooding despite public opposition.
What is Lake Pedder?
Unlike other continents, Australia lacks frequent volcanic activity and major earthquakes, contributing to this environmental characteristic.
What is geological stability?
This is the term Indigenous Australians use to describe their deep spiritual and cultural connection to the land, seeing it as a source of life, identity, and responsibility.
What is Country?
Land was “terra nullius” meaning it belonged to no one
What is the perception of the first non-indigenous settlers?
In the early 1980s, this landmark environmental campaign opposed the construction of a dam on a Tasmanian river, leading to one of Australia's most famous environmental battles.
What is the Franklin River campaign?
This is the term used to describe Australia's climate, marked by unpredictable rainfall, long dry periods, and occasional floods.
What are climatic variations?
The Bunurong people were semi-sedentary, moving seasonally but often residing for extended periods near this Phillip Island location, where abundant resources like marine life and birds supported their community.
What is Swan lake
Federation of individual states in 1901 saw the foundation of the Commonwealth of Australia
What is Post-Federation 1901 - 1990 ?
The Lake Pedder campaign led to the creation of this political party in 1972, which would go on to become a significant force in Australian environmental politics.
What is the United Tasmania Group (UTG), the first "green" political party?
Australia's biological isolation led to the evolution of this type of animal, which carries and nurses its young in a pouch
What is a marsupial?
The Bunurong people of Phillip Island hunted this bird, known for its seasonal migration and nesting on the island’s cliffs, providing an important source of food.
What is the Shearwater (or Muttonbird)?
Chicory Farming across Island (Cowes)
What is the interaction of Pre-Federation?
Following the Franklin River campaign, this Australian Prime Minister's government passed the World Heritage Properties Conservation Act, which allowed the Commonwealth to intervene in state environmental matters.
Who is Bob Hawke?
Many Australian plants, such as the eucalyptus, have developed these structures to survive the dry climate and frequent bushfires by protecting their seeds until after a fire.
What are fire-resistant seed pods?
The Bunurong people of Phillip Island gathered this plant, known for its fleshy, edible leaves, which was used for food and sometimes as a remedy for various ailments.
What is pigface?
After the early coloniser's arrival, Australia experienced an increase in population. In Victoria this was largely due to the gold rush
What is Pre-Federation 1860 - 1900
The Franklin River campaign culminated in this 1983 decision by the High Court of Australia, which ruled in favor of the Commonwealth government and against the Tasmanian government’s plan to dam the river.
What is the ruling that stopped the construction of the Franklin Dam?