Campfire
Tiny twigs smaller than your finger that catch fire easily from a match and help to start the fire
What is tinder?
A piece of plastic the size of the tent floor area that is laid out first before the tent is pitched, that makes the tent waterproof from the ground.
What is a ground cloth or tarp?
Dressing in this way will help you to be prepared for changing temperatures throughout the day.
What is in layers?
This animal can smell 7 times better than a bloodhound, has smell receptors in its nose that are 100 times bigger than in a human, and has a Jacobson's organ in the roof of its mouth to detect even tiny quantities of pheromones. When camping in an area where this animal lives, it is important to keep all smellables away from the tent/ sleeping area
What is a bear?
Mmm s'mores! If a marshmallow catches on fire, this is what you should do, rather than waving it in the air, in order to reduce the risk of a sticky, flaming marshmallow from flying through the air, resulting in a burn.
What is blow it out!
A fire needs these 3 things to burn- remove any and the fire will go out
What are air, heat (flame), and fuel (wood or charcoal)?
After the ground cloth is laid out and the tent is removed from the bag and unrolled, this is the next step of pitching a tent that helps you to have a tent that is evenly shaped and not lopsided
What is staking the corners of the tent?
Keeping these 5 essential items in your day pack will help keep you hydrated and protected from the elements?
What are water, a hat, sun screen, a rain poncho or jacket, and a flashlight?
The ears of this woodland animal are shaped like big scoops that can be turned in any direction to pick up faint, faraway sounds
What is a deer?
Skillets, post and Dutch ovens made of this material are good, even conductors of heat; however they require special care. When cleaning: do not immerse in cold water, do not use soap or detergent (which can seep into the material), use only soft scrubber or cloth, and wipe very clean. Place near a fire to dry moisture, then remove from the heat and air cool. Then, re-oil the inside with a paper towel/ cloth with a little bit of oil on it. To remove stubborn food items, fill with plain lukewarm water and place on fire until almost boiling, rinse clean with same lukewarm water and repeat until food is removed. To minimize cleaning chores, line a Dutch oven made of this material with a layer of heavy aluminum foil before adding food. Name the material.
What is cast iron?
If you can do this to the ashes or coals, you are done safely putting out your campfire and are ready to shovel the ashes into an ash bin.
What is touch (the cooled ashes or coals) with your hand?
Driving in the tent stakes this way when pounding them into the ground will help the stakes to hold in the ground/ not pull out
What is at an angle with the point toward the tent?
This piece of closed-cell foam or or other material can keep you comfortable by giving you a softer surface to sleep on and can keep you warmer by preventing cold ground from drawing away your body heat
What is a sleeping pad?
This type of owl, the largest type of owl found in Illinois, is a powerful hunter that will eat almost anything, from insects and birds to squirrels and skunks. It hoots with a low "who, who, whooooo" sound, mostly in the early winter when pairing off in preparation for breeding. It is crepuscular, meaning that it is most active at dawn and dusk.
What is the great horned owl?
You are baking over a campfire with a Dutch oven, and your recipe requires an oven temperature of 350 degrees. Each hot charcoal briquette is about 35 degrees, and you would like to create an even temperature of 350 degrees throughout the oven, that is, 350 degrees at the top of the oven as well as at the bottom of the oven. So you would place this many hot charcoal briquettes underneath the Dutch oven and this many on top of the lid in order to achieve approximately a 350 degree oven.
What is ten (underneath) and ten (on top)?
When safely building or starting a campfire, what do you need to make sure about 1) water and 2) your hair and clothing?
What are 1) have a water bucket ready and 2) make sure long hair is tied back and clothing is not loose or dangling.
This is what you should do with any excess ground cloth that sticks out outside the edges of the pitched tent in order to avoid creating a pond under the tent if it rains
What is roll or fold the excess ground cloth underneath the tent so that the ground cloth edges are even with the edges of the tent?
It is important to use this when in wooded areas but using it too close to friends or food, or inside your tent can make those around you unhappy campers (and the material your tent is made of can be damaged). It should never be used near a fire, especially the aerosol type (the aerosol type should not be brought to camp).
What is bug spray?
This type of wasp can be pretty aggressive- it stings more people than any other type of wasp or bee. It feeds on nectar and sweets and feeds its larvae captured insects. It constructs paper nests that contain combs arranged like the floors of a building, either in the ground or in cavities. In late summer, as the insect food supply begins to decline, it has to scavenge for food more aggressively and becomes more aggressive if disturbed. Be careful not to disturb this wasp, and try to avoid consuming sweet-smelling foods/ drinks or using sweet-smelling lotions around this wasp in order to reduce your risk of being stung by it.
What is a yellow jacket?
1. Scrape excess food into a garbage bag or pail.
2. Dampen a scrub brush or pad with water from the wash pot or bucket and scrub the dish, dunk in the wash pot or bucket, repeat until all food is removed.
3. Dip the cleaned dish in a clear water hot-rinse pot. Be sure no soap bubbles remain.
4. Dunk the dish in a cold-rinse pot that has a few drops of chorine bleach in the water.
5. Hang cleaned dish in a mesh bag to dry.
Name this procedure.
What is washing dishes?
This type of campfire is made by placing 2 pieces of wood in a "V" shape and placing a 3rd piece of wood across the top of the "V", forming a triangle with a "cross bar". Then, tinder is placed upright against the crossbar and kindling is placed on top of the tinder, across the crossbar.
What is an A-frame campfire?
When striking the tent, what do you remove first? (hint: you want to make sure that you have the same number of these as you started with)
What are tent stakes? (make sure to clean them and place in stake bag)
Using this system of at least 2 campers sticking together (4 if hiking) at all times keeps everyone safer and happier
What is the buddy system?
The types of this mammal found in Illinois are insectovorous and are considered nocturnal. Their babies are called pups. They typically roost in the foliage of deciduous or sometimes coniferous trees, where they dangle by one foot and twist int he wind, perfectly camouflaged as a dead leaf or pine cone. In the summer, they are among the earliest of the evening fliers. They eat vast quantities of insects, such as moths and mosquitos, amounting to 20-50 % of their body weight each night. They are an important part of our ecosystem. Most migrate south and hibernate for the winter, but some stay and hibernate.
What are (Eastern Red) bats?
You have finished cleaning all of the pots, pans, utensils, and dishes. This is how you dispose of the soiled water in each of the wash pots/ buckets: the wash pot/ bucket with water and detergent, the hot rinse pot/ bucket with clear water, and the cold-rinse pot/ bucket with cold water and a few drops of bleach. (Describe where each pot or bucket's water goes).
What is the wash pot/ bucket water gets poured out onto a durable surface (tossed into brush at least 75 steps away from any streams, lakes or other open water); then the hot rinse pot/ bucket gets poured into the wash pot/ bucket which gets poured out onto a durable surface; then the cold-rinse pot/ bucket gets poured into the hot-rinse pot/ bucket which gets poured into the wash pot/ bucket which gets poured onto a durable surface?