Vaccinations
In-house Lab
Radiology
Send-out Lab
Disease Transmission/Prevention
100
How do vaccines work?
By immitating an infection, and allowing the body to produce antibodies specific for that disease. Subsequent boosters increase the speed and intensity of the body's response to the remembered antigens.
100
What are the three parts of a complete urinalysis?
Visual examination (color/turbidity/odor)
Chemical analysis (chem strip)
Microscopic evaluation (for presence of: cell types, bacteria, mucus, casts, crystals etc)
100
What is the PRIMARY objective when working with radiation?
Safety! :) of team members first, then safety of the patient.
100
Which order must blood tubes be filled to prevent contamination?
Serum separator tubes first, then any tubes with anticoagulant agents (heparin, EDTA, sodium citrate).
100
List at least 4 routes of disease transmission
1. Aerosol
2. Oral
3. Direct
3b. Reproductive
4. Fomite
5. Vector-borne
6. Zoonoses
Reference: http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Zoonoses_Textbook/Assets/transmission_routes_def_CA.pdf
200
What is the minimum age at which puppies and kittens can receive a rabies vaccine?
12 weeks.
Bonus points: Why don't we give RV until 16 weeks in most cases?
200
Scenario: Dr. ABC has asked you to run an in-house comprehensive panel on Daisy, a moderately stressed Cocker Spaniel. It's likely you'll only get one chance at a well-tolerated blood draw on her, and you know there's a possibility Dr. ABC will want to send out to Antech for further diagnostics.
Which tubes should you bring with you?
3 mL SST and EDTA: SST through centrifuge and use serum to run chemistry, EDTA for CBC
200
What safety equipment is required to be worn/used for every xray (excluding dental)?
Lead gown, thyroid protector, and dosimeter. Optional, as needed: lead gloves, chemical restraint of patients, use of tie downs, wedges or troughs.
200
What considerations should be taken regarding volume of blood obtained from ill, dehydrated patients?
1. Confirm the test. Superchem requires more blood than a pre-op or adult screen
2. Dehydration = less serum available per mL of whole blood. Obtain more blood than you think you need.
200
How is parvovirus transmitted?
Oral (or nasal) contact with contaminated feces, or via fomite (virus-contaminated shoes, lab coats, exam tables, stethoscopes, floors)
300
In reference to Bordetella vaccinations, which administration route is least efficacious?
Subcutaneous < Oral < (or=) Intranasal
300
How are lipomas diagnosed?
Greasy sample on slide, with no other cellular debris. No sample remains on slide after staining, even if left in fixative a long time. It all washes away :)
300
For a lateral pelvic film, the affected limb should be...
Closest to the film (down) and pulled slightly cranially.
300
What supplies are needed for testing clotting times?
Light blue top tube (sodium citrate additive). It's very important to use vacuum to take up the correct amount of blood. Don't force more blood in, because the anticoagulant could fail.
300
How can veterinary professionals avoid contracting leptospirosis?
Wear gloves and use caution when handling urine and blood of patients with known or suspected lepto. If hospitalized, lepto patients should urinate in a separate area which can easily be disinfected/rinsed.
(Note: it is best to ALWAYS use gloves when handling urine and blood.)
400
Why is it so important young cats and dogs receive 2 doses of their core vaccines (DHPP/FVRCP) at/after the age of 12 weeks?
Maternal antibodies may be in force for up to 12 weeks.
400
Can whole blood be used for our FeLV/FIV tests?
Yes, but it must be treated with an anticoagulant (EDTA or heparin). We need more than just a drop of blood in the tube, because excess EDTA or heparin could cause false negatives!
Serum can also be used.
Reference: http://resources.vet-advantage.com/media/attachments/2017/10/02/WITNESS_FFH_Technical_Bulletin.pdf
400
A radiograph you just took appears dark and you note the bones are gray. What should you do for the next radiograph?
Decrease kVp
400
How is a sample taken and prepared for an Ionized Calcium test?
Anaerobically: Lipemia and hemolysis interfere (Note- 1 mL serum required, so it is best to draw 3 mL blood)
1. Venipuncture should be clean, using either vacutainer or into syringe. Use 22g needle and allow SST vacuum to pull sample into tube.
2. Clot 15 min, then centrifuge normally.
3. Withdraw serum anaerobically via new syringe, and transfer into non-additive tube. Label "Anaerobic" and freeze.
400
List concentrations of REScue used at FVH and their uses.
1:128- general cleaning and sanitizing. Contact time isn't important
1:32- Kennel cough, mild or chronic feline URIs. 5 min wet contact time
1:16- Most viral and fungal diseases (parvo, calici, ringworm etc) and acute, significant URIs. 5 min wet contact time.
500
What's a Cojack?
Jack Russell Terrier/Pembroke Welsh Corgi mix
500
What was the name and age of the world's oldest recorded cat when it died?
Creme Puff- 38 years and 3 days
500
What is the largest fish species?
The whale shark! They grow up to 32 ft and over 40,000 lb! (so... like a standard school bus.)
500
What is a group of baby jellyfish called?
single: Ephyrae
Group of jellyfish: a Smack!
500
What were the names and breeds of the two "First Dogs" living at the whitehouse during the Obama presidency?
Bo and Sunny, both Portuguese Water Dogs