religion
This was the supreme head of the roman catholic church during the middle ages
Who is the pope?
This was the feudal system of government and society that prevailed in medieval Europe characterized by reciprocal obligations between lords vassals
What is feudalism?
this was the social and economic system that characterized medieval rural life, where kand was held by lords and worked by peasants in exchange for protection and sustenance.
What is manorialism?
This Frankish king united much or Western Europe and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the pope in 800 AD.
Who is Charlemagne?
This style of architecture prevalent in the early middle ages was characterized by rounded arches thick walls and small windows.
What is Romanesque?
This was a monoastic order founded by St Benedict known for its emphasis on prayer work and community
What is the benedictine order?
This assembly of nobles and clergy in england advised the king and later evolved into parliament
What is witenagemot (or the Council/Curia regis)?
These were the vast estates owned by lords and nobles, forming the bases of medieval economy.
What are manors?
This English King was forced to sign the Mangna Carta, Limiting the royal power.
Who is King john?
This illuminated manuscript created in the 9th century is a maasterpiece of Carolingian art
What is the book of kells?
This annual pilgrimage was undertaken by many chirstians to visit scared sites often in Rome or Jerusalem.
What is a pilgrimage
This conflict, fougth between england and france from 1337 to 1453, significantly shaped the development of both nations
What is the hundred years' war?
These were unfree peasants who were tied to the land and owed labor and dues to their lord.
Who are serfs
This influential monk and scholar is credited with organizing monastic life and establishing the Benedictine Rule.
St. Benedict
These were traveling musicians and poets who performed epic poems and love songs in medieval courts.
Who are troubadours (or minstrels)?
This schism occuring in 1054 permanetly divided the christian church into roman catholic and eastern orthodox branches
What is the great schism?
This system of land ownership and loyalty formed the backbone of medieval political and military structure.
What is feudalism?
this was the main crop grown by peasants in medieval Europe, providing essential sustenance.
What is grain(or wheat, rye, barley)?
This Danish king conqered England in 1066, marking a pivotal moment in English history.
William the Conqueror
This was the main center of learning and intellectual life in the middle ages, often attached to cathedrals or monasteries
What is a monastery (or a cathedral school)?