Apprehension
A type of communication anxiety (or nervousness), is the level of fear you experience when anticipating or actually speaking to an audience.
What is public speaking apprehension?
The degree of loudness of the tone you make as you expel air through your vocal chords.
What is volume?
Movements of hands, arms and fingers that illustrate and emphasize what is being said.
What are gestures?
A speech that is delivered with only seconds or minutes of advance notice for preparation and is usually presented without referring to notes.
What is impromptu speech?
Practicing the presentation of your speech aloud.
What is rehearsing?
A method to reduce apprehension by gradually visualizing increasingly more frightening speaking events.
What is systematic desensitization?
Using the tongue, palate, teeth, jaw movement, and lips to shape vocalized sounds that combine to produce a word.
What is articulation?
Movement with a specific purpose.
What is motivated movement?
A speech that is prepared by creating a complete written manuscript and delivered by rote memory or by reading a written copy.
What is scripted speech?
Word or phrase outlines of your speech.
What are speaking notes?
A method to systematically rebuild thoughts about public speaking by replacing anxiety-arousing negative self-talk with anxiety-reducing positive self-talk.
What is cognitive restructuring?
The contrasts in pitch, volume rate, and quality that affect the meaning an audience gets from the sentences you speak.
What is vocal expressiveness?
When speaking to large audiences, creating a sense of looking listeners in the eye even though you actually cannot.
What is audience contact?
A speech that is researched and planned ahead of time, although the exact wording is not scripted and will vary from presentation to presentation.
What is extemporaneous speech?
The key guidelines to follow when using presentational aids during your speech.
What is …?
Carefully plan when to use presentational aids.
Consider audience needs carefully.
Share a presentational aid only when talking about it.
Display visual and audio aids so that everyone in the audience can see and hear them.
Talk to your audience, not to the presentational aid.
Resist the temptation to pass objects through the audience.