Just Breathe!
What is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs called?
Ventilation
What is the term for inadequate oxygen reaching the tissues?
Hypoxia
What is the normal range for SpO₂ in a healthy adult?
95–100%
What position promotes the best lung expansion?
High Fowler’s position
You applied oxygen via nasal cannula. What must you document?
Device type, flow rate, patient response, and SpO₂
Name the site where gas exchange occurs in the lungs
Alveoli
Name one early sign of hypoxia.
Restlessness, anxiety, or confusion
Which oxygen device delivers 1–6 L/min at 24–44% FiO₂?
Nasal cannula
Name one nursing intervention that promotes airway clearance.
Coughing, deep breathing, suctioning, or hydration
True or False: It’s okay to chart “Patient seems better.”
False – be objective and measurable (e.g., “Respirations 20, no dyspnea”).
What three processes make up oxygenation?
Ventilation, diffusion, and perfusion
Name one late sign of hypoxia.
Cyanosis or bradycardia
Which device provides the most precise oxygen concentration?
Venturi mask
What device encourages deep breathing and prevents atelectasis post-op?
Incentive spirometer
Provide an example of correct oxygen charting.
“O₂ via NC 2 L/min, SpO₂ 95%, no distress noted.”
What part of the brain controls the drive to breathe?
Medulla oblongata
What vital sign change is typically seen early in hypoxia?
Increased respiratory rate or tachycardia
Which mask delivers up to 90% oxygen at 10–15 L/min?
Non-rebreather mask
Name two oxygen safety precautions.
No smoking, avoid open flames, secure tanks upright, avoid petroleum-based products.
A student nurse charts: “Applied oxygen mask at 4 L/min.” What’s wrong?
Flow rate is too low for a mask; risk of CO₂ retention.
A patient with anemia may have normal oxygen saturation but still be hypoxic. Why?
Because they have fewer red blood cells or less hemoglobin to carry oxygen.
A patient’s SpO₂ is 89%. What is your priority nursing action?
Assess the patient, check the oxygen delivery system, and notify the nurse/provider if needed.
You’re caring for a COPD patient. Why must you use caution with high oxygen flow rates?
Because excessive oxygen can reduce their hypoxic drive to breathe.
You enter a room and find a patient dyspneic with oxygen disconnected. What are your first two actions?
Reattach oxygen and assess airway/breathing.
What should be documented before and after any oxygen change?
Patient assessment, SpO₂, device used, flow rate, and response.