Prologues, Flashbacks, Hyphens and Dashes
Articles and Word Classes
Types of Speech
Sentence Types
News
100
What is a flashback?
A short part of a film, story, or play that goes back to events in the past.
100
How is 'a' and 'an' used?
i. Explain.
ii. Give an example for each.
i.
"A" is used when the the first letter of the following word is a consonant.
"An" is used when the first letter of the following word is a vowel.
ii.
Mr. Josh wore a bling jacket.
She wore an elegant dress.
100
What are two types of speech that are related to people speaking?
Direct and indirect/reported speech
100
Give two different types of sentences that are often used in writing to create different effects for readers.
- Short sentences
- Long sentences
100
What information do we often find in the lead/most newsworthy information?
You find information related to the 5W1H:
WHERE? WHEN? WHY? WHAT? WHO? HOW?
And: The most newsworthy information
200
i. What is a prologue?
ii. What prologue did we go through?
i. A prologue is comes at the beginning of a play, story, or long poem, often giving information about events that happened before the time when the play, story, or poem begins.
ii. The Hobbit
200
There are two types of articles.
i. What are they?
ii. Explain how they are used differently.
i. definite articles/indefinite articles; a/an and the
ii. 'a/an' is used when any particular thing is being referred to. 'The' is used when something specific is being referred to.
200
State two differences between direct and reported speech.
- Direct speech uses the exact words the speaker has used.
- Reported speech sometimes changes the words that the speaker has used.
- Direct speech uses speech marks/inverted commas.
200
State two different impacts of long and short sentences.
Long sentences: Provide vivid imagery and paints a clear picture in readers' minds. They also bring us into the character's shoes.
Short sentences: Conveys action clearly, direct and establishes a sense or urgency.
200
What is the layout (3) of a news article. Start from the top to the bottom.
1. Most newsworthy information/lead
2. Other important details
3. Optional details
300
Identify whether the following sentences are using a 'hyphen' or 'dash'.
1. The well-known geologist gave an incredibly fascinating lecture on fossils.
2. It was a last-minute decision to change the venue.
3. The results were clear—everyone had bottled the test.
4. Charlotte had a bright idea—one that could help us overcome this physical challenge.
5. His attitude was a bit off-putting.
1. hyphen
2. hyphen
3. dash
4. dash
5. hyphen
300
You have 1 minute to write down:
Eight different word classes (covered in the first term)
Nouns/Adjectives/Adverbs/Conjunctions/Pronouns/
Verbs/Prepositions/Interjections
300
Look at the text. Write down three examples of direct speech.
“I don’t want you to go,” he said, the tears dropping from his eyes, slowly at first, then spilling like a river.
“I know, my love,” his mother said, in her heavy voice. “I know.”
He could feel the monster, holding him up and letting him stand there.
“I don’t want you to go,” he said again.
And that was all he needed to say. He leaned forward onto her bed and put his arm around her.
Holding her.
He knew it would come, and soon, maybe even this 12.07. The moment she would slip from his grasp, no matter how tightly he held on.
"But not this moment," the monster whispered, still close. "Not just yet."
Conor held tightly onto his mother. And by doing so, he could finally let her go.
- “I don’t want you to go,” he said, the tears dropping from his eyes, slowly at first, then spilling like a river.
- “I know, my love,” his mother said, in her heavy voice. “I know.”
- “I don’t want you to go,” he said again.
- "But not this moment, the monster whispered," still close. "Not just yet."
300
Write a short sentence and long sentenced based on the following context:
Someone running from a fearsome bear
[accept reasonable answers]
I ran.
As the bear's haunting growls echoed through the forest, trees shook in its wake, pushing me to run faster than ever, glancing back to see the creature closing in with its eyes dead-locked on me.
300
i. Which part of a news article is the most important?
ii. Why?
i. The headline
ii. It is important because it is the first thing that readers look at. If they are not hooked, they won't even buy the article.
400
Give four purposes of a flashback.
- Character development
- Context and backstory
- Foreshadowing
- Comparison
- Mood
400
Fill in the blanks with the suitable definite or indefinite article.
1. Mr. Mike is one of (i). teachers in Macau Anglican College.
2. If (ii). kindest souls were rewarded with (iii). longest lives, dog would outlive us all.
3. The family adopted (iv). adorable stray dog from Anima.
4. There is (v). book on the table.
5. (vi). strange man often watches Mr. Josh park the car after work, giving positive remarks about his parking skills.
i. the
ii. the
iii. the
iv. an
v. a
vi. the
400
Change the following sentences into direct speech. (Monster talking to Conor)
1. The Monster said that the yew was a healing tree.
2. The Monster demanded that all Conor had to do was speak the truth.
1. "The yew is a healing tree," the Monster said.
2. "Now all you have to do is speak the truth," demanded the Monster.
400
Read the text.
i. Write three examples of short sentences.
ii. Explain what mood and impact the author is trying to establish with the short sentences.
She opened her eyes, briefly, catching him there. Then she closed them again. But she’d seen him. And he knew it was here. He knew there really was no going back. That it was going to happen, whatever he wanted, whatever he felt. And he also knew he was going to get through it. It would be terrible. It would be beyond terrible. But he’d survive.
And it was for this that the monster came. It must have been. Conor had needed it and his need had somehow called it. And it had come walking. Just for this moment.
“You’ll stay?” Conor whispered to the monster, barely able to speak. “You’ll stay until…”
"I will stay," the monster said, its hands still on Conor’s shoulders. "Now all you have to do is speak the truth."
And so Conor did. He took in a breath. And, at last, he spoke the final and total truth.
i. But she’d seen him./It would be terrible./It would be beyond terrible. /But he’d survive. /Just for this moment.
2. The author is trying to create a sense of how hard it is for the boy/Conor to get through what he is going through.
400
Read the article.
i. identify the layout of the article.
ii. Give a synonym for the word 'relocated' from the text
i.
Lines 1-2: Lead/most newsworthy information
Lines 3-4: Other important details
Lines 5-8: Optional details
ii. displaced
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpwrw7j5vx0o
500
Rewrite each sentence, adding the additional information in brackets using one or two dashes.
1. The shelf is stacked with valuable books. (books that are as old as time itself!)
2. My childhood mate is one of the tallest people I have ever seen. (the lanky man sulking in the corner)
3. Simply laying on the sofa is my favourite weekend activity. (lazily)
1. The shelf is stacked with valuable books - books that are as old as time itself!
2. My childhood mate - the lanky man sulking in the corner - is one of the tallest people I have ever met.
3. Simply laying - lazily - on the sofa is my favourite weekend activity.
500
“One hundred and fifty years ago,” the monster began, “this country had become a place of industry. Factories grew on the landscape like weeds. Trees fell, fields were up-ended, rivers blackened. The sky choked on smoke and ash, and the people did, too, spending their days coughing and itching, their eyes turned forever towards the ground. Villages grew into towns, towns into cities. And people began to live on the earth rather than within it. But there was still green, if you knew where to look.”
The monster opened its hands again, and a mist rolled through his grandma’s sitting room. When it cleared, Conor and the monster stood on a field of green, overlooking a valley of metal and brick.
“So I am asleep,” Conor said.
“Quiet,” said the monster. “Here he comes.”
And Conor saw a sour-looking man with heavy black clothes and a deep, deep frown climbing the hill towards them.
“Along the edge of this green lived a man. His name is not important, as no one ever used it. The villagers only ever called him the Apothecary.”
“The what?” Conor asked.
“The Apothecary,” said the monster. “Apothecary was an old-fashioned name, even then, for a chemist.”
chocked: verb
still: adverb
and: conjunction
quiet: interjection/adjective
sour: adjective
towards: preposition
him: pronoun
apothecary: noun
500
Change the following sentences into reported speech.
1. "Can you help me with this project?" he asked.
2. "I have never seen such a beautiful sunset," she exclaimed.
3. "We are going to have our exams next week," Mr. Josh reminded. (at the time of reporting, the exams had finished)
1. He asked if I could help him with the project.
2. She exclaimed that she had never seen such a beautiful sunset.
3. Mr. Josh reminded us that we were going to have our exams the following week.
500
Read the text.
i. Give an example of a long sentence from the text.
ii. Based on the text, what do you think Conor is doing?
iii. Give evidence for your answer to ii.
He could hear the mechanism of the clock complaining as the first b of the interrupted bong hovered in the air. With his free hand, Conor reached up and pushed the minute and second hands forward from the twelve. They resisted but he pushed harder, hearing a loud click as he did so that didn’t sound especially good. The minute and second hands sprung suddenly free from whatever was holding them back, and Conor spun them around, catching up with the hour hand and taking it along, too, hearing more complaining half-bongs and painful clicks from deep inside the wooden case.
He could feel drops of sweat gathering on his forehead and his chest felt like it was glowing with heat.
(–almost like being in the nightmare, that same feverish blur of the world slipping off its axis, but this time he was the one in control, this time he was the nightmare–)
i. The minute and second hands sprung suddenly free from whatever was holding them back, and Conor spun them around, catching up with the hour hand and taking it along, too, hearing more complaining half-bongs and painful clicks from deep inside the wooden case. / He could feel drops of sweat gathering on his forehead and his chest felt like it was glowing with heat.
ii. Conor is playing/breaking a clock
iii. [accept reasonable answers] 'He could hear the mechanism of the clock complaining as the first b of the interrupted bong hovered in the air.' / 'They resisted but he pushed harder, hearing a loud click as he did so that didn’t sound especially good.'/ 'hearing more complaining half-bongs and painful clicks from deep inside the wooden case. '
500
Give a suitable headline for the text.
