Public Health
What is Medicare?
Healthcare provided by the government for individuals over age 65.
What is the type of funding for education from the federal government called?
Discretionary funding
What is the term we used in discussion to describe the problem when no one wants a shelter or encampment for unhoused individuals in their geographical location?
NIMBYism: not-in-my-back-yard-ism
What is the government department discussed in lecture that supports farmers?
US Department of Agriculture (USDA)
What does the CBO stand for?
The Congressional Budget Office
Name three policy dilemmas related to health policy in the United States.
Access to health care in rural communities, racial health disparities, prevention vs intervention, mental health provider shortages, drug addiction crises, affordability of health care, etc.
Which level of government plays the largest role in the provision and funding of public education?
The state government
What is redlining?
The historical practice of denying someone a mortgage loan due to "declining property value" in the region where Black Americans lived
What is the Wisconsin-specific program for SNAP called?
FoodShare
What is the difference between mandatory and discretionary spending?
AND
Give an example of each
Mandatory: must be spent on programs each year in the budget (ex: Medicare, Medicaid, national debt interest)
Discretionary: up to policymakers and elected officials to decide how much will be spent (ex: education, defense, environment, transportation)
Describe what health policy would be in the United States if we opted for a "nanny state" approach
Everyone would be provided with healthcare, no strings attached.
What does administrative burden look like in school choice?
Cost of learning about vouchers, applications, deadlines, getting students to/from school
What type of value-informed approach is the Housing First model?
The Nanny State - provide welfare no strings attached
What is the population that is served by the Commodity Supplemental Food Program?
Seniors
What is the term used when the budget has more spending than revenue?
Deficit
Name three examples of social determinants of health.
Education access/quality, healthcare access/quality, neighborhood/built environment, social position, economic stability, etc.
No requirements regarding education, everyone chooses their own school
Approximately what percent of total income do Section 8/Housing Choice voucher holders pay toward their rent?
30% of their total income
What ingredient was limited in school lunches through USDA regulations?
Sugar
Define merit goods
Goods and services that are beneficial but if left to individuals, would be under-consumed
Describe an administrative burden that someone may experience related to health policy.
Finding health insurance, understanding where to go for services, applying for additional support, applying for Medicare/Medicaid
What are the two competing/opposite claims made with the school choice policy discussion?
For school choice: vouchers encourage schools to do better so that students will want to attend
Against school choice: schools that are not properly funded will remain behind, and the most disadvantaged students won't really have a choice in their school
What is the importance of the National Housing Act of 1934?
Created the Federal Housing Administration, established the 30-year mortgage, government insured banks and mortgages in case people defaulted on loans
What was the "generic policy instrument" at play when the USDA nutrition guidelines required that half of all grains be whole grains in school lunches?
Regulation
Define what we call the distributive aspects of administrative burden.
Those with the least human capital are the most vulnerable to administrative burden and have the least capacity to cope with administrative burden