LIST 1
Which virus is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants?
RSV
What is the first-line treatment for acute anaphylaxis in children?
IM adrenaline
A child with a sore throat 2 weeks ago now has cola-coloured urine and hypertension. What is the likely diagnosis?
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
A 7-year-old presents with pallor, bone pain, hepatosplenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. What is the most likely diagnosis?
ALL
A two year old presents with chest pain and vomiting after visiting their grandparents house, you want to rule out button battery ingestion, what is the first line investigation?
CXR
What is the recommended first-line treatment for moderate severity croup according to QCH guidelines?
Oral Dexamethasone
A newborn has a heart rate of 120 bpm, strong cry, active movement, grimaces to suction, and a pink body with blue extremities. What is the 1-minute APGAR score?
9
What is the most common benign differential for appendicitis in children?
Mesenteric adentitis
Which bacterial infection is most commonly associated with a strawberry tongue and sandpaper like rash?
Scarlet fever, Group A Strep
A child presents with a rash around their mouth, you notice a similar rash around the hands and feet, what is the most likely virus?
Coxsackie virus
A newborn fails to pass meconium in the first 48 hours and has a swollen abdomen. This condition should be suspected.
Hirschsprung disease
A 7-year-old with presents with vomiting, abdominal pain, Kussmaul respirations, what investigation would be your first priority?
BSL
Name a medication that if ingested by a child can be lethal in even in low doses or as a single tablet...
Amphetamines, Calcium channel blockers, Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, Opioids (methadone most toxic), Propranolol and sotolol (other beta blockers are better tolerated), Sulfonylureas, Theophylline, TCA, Amphetamines, GHB
A 3-year-old, un-immunised child presents with a 3-day history of fever, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis. The next day, a maculopapular rash appears, spreading from the face to the trunk and limbs. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Measles
Bonus mark - what would you look for in the buccal mucosa?
A 7-year-old presents with a sore throat, muffled “hot potato” voice, and uvular deviation on exam. What is the most likely emergent diagnosis?
Quinsy/Peritonsilar abscess
Calculate the dose of paracetamol for a 15kg male child...
225mg
A child is dehydrated. They have an estimated deficit of 10% and weigh 10kg. What would be their hourly fluid rate IV?
Maintenance 40ml/hr (421 rule)
Deficit 42ml/hr (1000ml/24h)
Total 82ml/hr
A 10-year-old boy presents with sudden onset of scrotal pain of the upper left testis. There is no history of trauma. On examination, the testis lies normally, the cremasteric reflex is present, and a small tender nodule with a blue discolouration is seen through the scrotal skin. What is the most likely dx?
Torsion of the testicular appendage (note: does not exclude testicular torsion)
Which congenital heart defect is associated with a “machine-like” continuous murmur?
PDA
This diagnosis should be considered in a 10-month-old non-ambulant infant who presents with a spiral fracture of the femur after rolling off the couch...
NAI