Body Defenses
Name one barrier defense that protects the body.
Skin, mucous membranes, gastric acid, or MHC.
Name one visible sign of inflammation.
Heat, redness, swelling, or pain.
Name one example of an NSAID.
Ibuprofen, naproxen, ketorolac, or celecoxib.
True or False: Acetaminophen can reduce fever.
True
True or False: You can crush enteric-coated aspirin tablets.
False
True or False: Gastric acid is a barrier defense.
True
What chemical causes redness during inflammation?
Histamine.
True or False: Aspirin can prevent blood clots and lower heart attack risk.
True.
Name one route acetaminophen can be given.
Oral, rectal, IV.
What should you teach a client to prevent constipation with opioids?
Drink water, eat fiber, and use a stool softener.
Name one way to help your immune system stay healthy.
Eat well, sleep, exercise, wash hands.
Which process makes neutrophils aggressive and draws them to the injury site?
Chemotaxis
List one adverse effects of NSAIDs.
Stomach irritation/ulcers, GI bleeding, kidney damage, high blood pressure, increased risk of heart attack or stroke.
How do fentanyl patches work?
Used for long-term, severe pain. Take about 24 hours to start working the first time, so give a fast-acting pain pill for sudden pain until the patch kicks in.
What should you check before giving opioids?
Respiratory rate.
Name two structures that are part of the phagocyte system.
Lymphatic tissue, leukocytes, T & B lymphocytes, myelocytes, chemical mediators.
What should you do first for a swollen ankle?
Rest, ice, and elevate it.
Salicylates (PICK ONE: inhibit/stimulate) the synthesis of prostaglandins and are used to treat mild to moderate pain and fever.
Inhibit
Name two common complications of opioids.
Respiratory depression, constipation, sedation, urinary retention.
If a patient says their pain is still 10/10 after pain meds, what should you do?
Tell the nurse/doctor and reassess pain.
Name one type of T cell and its job.
Helper T cells (activate immune response), cytotoxic T cells (kill bad cells), or suppressor T cells (slow immune response).
Describe Hageman Factor
Plasma protein that starts the blood clotting process when a blood vessel wall is damaged.
If your stomach hurts after taking ibuprofen, what should you do?
Stop taking it and tell your nurse/doctor.
Name one symptom of opioid overdose.
Very slow breathing, coma, or pinpoint pupils.
What is the safest way to stop taking opioids after long use?
Taper slowly under medical supervision.