Normal Variants
Sono findings
fissures, ligaments & ducts
Pancreas Anatomy
Liver Anatomy
Biliary Misc.
More Misc.
100
“A tongue-like extension of the right lobe of the liver” describes a(n)
Riedel’s lobe.
100
Lumen of the normal gallbladder can be described as"
Anechoic
100
Shortly after birth, the ductus venosus collapses and becomes the:
Ligamentum venosum.
100
Five sections of the pancreas
Head, neck, body, tail, uncinate process
100
The RPV divides into:
anterior and posterior branches.
100
What is considered the most distal portion of the biliary tree?
Common bile duct
100
The yellowish pigment found in bile that is produced by the breakdown of old red blood cells by the liver is:
Bilirubin
100
At which level of the GB is the junctional fold found?
Body
100
What are the sonographic findings of a physiologically contracted gallbladder?
Thick walls (> 3mm)
100
The falciform ligament extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a parasagittal plane containing the:
ligamentum teres.
100
Portal confluence is seen posterior to this part of the pancreas
Neck
100
The diameter of the MPV should not exceed:
13 mm
100
The middle layer of the gallbladder wall is the:
muscularis layer
100
The right hepatic vein separates the right lobe into:
anterior and posterior
100
Inferior extension of the caudate lobe is termed:
Papillary process
100
Sonographically, liver parenchyma should be _________ to renal cortex.
Hyperechoic
100
The main lobar fissure represents a
boundary between the right and left lobes
100
Splenic vein can be seen posterior to these parts of the pancreas
Body and tail
100
A normal left hepatic lobe is ____________ in size and shape
variable
100
Focal tenderness over the gallbladder with probe pressure describes:
Murphy sign
100
Kupffer cells are specialized liver cells that play a major role in the body’s
defense or immune function
100
Most common GB shape variant
Phrygian cap
100
The diaphragm appears _________ on ultrasound.
Echogenic
100
The left umbilical vein after birth becomes the:
Ligamentum teres.
100
The section of the pancreas that can be seen posterior to the portal confluence
Uncinate process
100
The covering of the liver is referred to as:
Glisson capsule.
100
Opening where CBD and pancreatic duct enter the duodenum
Ampulla of Vater
100
Traditional lobar anatomy describes this many lobes of the liver
Four
100
The RHA can originate from this vessel that arises from the Aorta, inferior to the CA
SMA
100
The pancreas can become ________ as fat accumulates in the tissue.
Hyperechoic
100
The left hepatic vein and the left hepatic lobe are separated from the caudate lobe by the
fissure for the ligamentum venosum.
100
This part of the pancreas is seen left lateral to the aorta
Tail of pancreas
100
The liver metabolizes
fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
100
What is considered the most proximal portion of the biliary tree?
Intrahepatic ducts
100
Normal flow within the hepatic veins is said to be:
Triphasic.
100
The cystic artery is most often a branch of the:
Right hepatic artery
100
The echogenicity of the gallbladder wall can be described as
echogenic
100
The falciform ligament serves as ________________ between the medial and lateral left lobe.
an intersegmental boundary.
100
Pancreas is located in space of the abdominopelvic cavity
Retroperitoneum
100
Functional lobar anatomy separates the liver into this many lobes
Three
100
The muscle that controls the emptying of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum is the:
Sphincter of Oddi
100
Name the lobe that Jen points to-
TBA
100
In a 50-year-old adult, the normal common bile duct should not measure more than _____ mm.
8
100
Space between inferior diaphragm and superior liver
Subphrenic space
100
The valves of Heister are tiny valves found within the
cystic duct
100
The splenic vein, splenic artery and aorta are seen posterior to this section of the pancreas in SAG.
body of pancreas
100
The right and left lobes of the liver are related to the ______________ of the diaphragm.
undersurface.
100
Three sections of GB
Neck, body, fundus
100
Blood flow to the caudate lobe is through:
Right and left portal veins
100
A gallbladder with a small outpuch at the neck is called a:
Hartmann pouch
100
Space between liver and right kidney
Morison's pouch
100
The right and left hepatic ducts emerge from the right lobe of the liver in the porta hepatis and unite to form the:
common hepatic duct
100
Pancreatic enzymes found in blood
Amylase and lipase
100
All of the following describe normal portal venous flow except: a. low-flow velocity. b. hepatofugal flow. c. spontaneous flow. d. phasic flow
hepatofugal flow.
100
The gallbladder can be found in this space of the abdominopelvic cavity
Intraperitoneum or Peritoneal sac.
100
The portal system supplies _____ of the total blood flow to the liver
70-75%
100
The space superior to the diaphragm
Pleural space
100
What structure is seen between the right portal vein and the neck of the gallbladder?:
main lobar fissure.
100
Which cells of the pancreas complete it's endocrine function?
Islets of Langerhans
100
The portal vein and hepatic artery enter and the hepatic ducts exit the liver through the:
porta hepatis.
100
The common hepatic duct is joined by the ______________ to form the ________________
cystic duct; common bile duct
100
Accessory duct of pancreas
Duct of Santorini
100
The medial portion of the left lobe of the liver is sometimes also referred to as
quadrate lobe.
100
This structure separates the caudate lobe from the left lobe of the liver
ligamentum venosum
100
The pancreas occupies which abdominal body region?
Epigastric
100
The liver occupies a major portion of the _____________ region.
right hypochondriac.