Know Your Facts!
This is the year Panama declared independence from Spain.
What is 1821?
This treaty gave the U.S. permission to build a railroad through Panamanian territory.
What is the Stephens–Paredes Treaty?
This 1856 event began when a U.S. traveler refused to pay for fruit.
What is the Watermelon Riot?
This person wrote El Estado Federal de Panamá in 1855.
Who is Justo Arosemena?
“Si lo ven que viene, ¡palo al tiburón!”
Who is Rubén Blades?
This treaty allowed the U.S. to construct the Panama Railroad.
What is the Stephens–Paredes Treaty?
This 1857 proposal by Justo Arosemena would have made Panama a neutral state protected by world powers.
What is the Hanseatic Neutrality Proposal?
This is the year construction of the Transisthmian Railroad began.
What is 1850?
This was the main purpose of the 1826 Congress of Panama.
What is unifying Latin America for defense and cooperation?
“If the world was to choose a capital, the Isthmus of Panama would be pointed out.”
Who is Simón Bolívar?
This was the name of the short-lived independent state Panama established in 1840.
What is The Free State of the Isthmus?
This is why Colombia rejected the Colon Treaty and deployed troops to Panama.
What is opposition to Panama’s autonomy and federal structure?
This global event in 1848 turned Panama into a major transit hub.
What is the California Gold Rush?
This letter by Bolívar called for unity and central government after independence.
What is the Jamaica Letter?
“The shark doesn’t pretend to be romantic or scientific—it comes with bankers and guns.”
Who is Juan José Arévalo?
This was one major consequence of the disintegration of Gran Colombia.
What is the rise of national leaders/political instability/the end of Bolivar’s vision?
This treaty attempted to ensure Panama’s neutrality and control over its own officials.
What is the Colon Treaty?
These were two local economic consequences of building the railroad.
What are unemployment of dockworkers and decline of farming/local trade?
This was the main reason Arosemena believed Panama needed a different system than Nueva Granada.
What is Panama’s geographic, economic, and cultural uniqueness?
“Trying to govern Panama like the rest of Nueva Granada shows ignorance of its uniqueness.”
Who is Justo Arosemena?