Question 1a
Which research method utilizes triangulation to collect data?
Case study
What sampling method gives each member of the population an equal chance of being selected?
What ethical consideration ensures that personal information about participants is kept private and not shared without permission?
Confidentiality
True or false: A big sample size improves generalizability
True
Scenario: A researcher conducts a one-on-one meeting with a patient to discuss their experiences with anxiety and depression.
Question: What research method is being used?
Interview
What sampling method involves existing participants recruiting future participants?
Snowball sampling
What ethical consideration dictates that researchers must be value-free when describing the results of their study?
Objectivity
True or false: Peer review improves generalizability.
False. Peer review improves internal validity by avoiding bias.
True or false: All experiments require some manipulation of the independent variable.
False. Natural or quasi experiments involve naturally occurring variables, such as gender or occupation, that cannot be manipulated by researchers.
A market researcher interviews shoppers who are currently at a shopping mall to get their opinions on a new product.
Question: What sampling method is being used?
Convenience/opportunity sampling
A researcher wanted to study how children play. He put the young participants in rooms with carpets, provided soft toys and allowed a caregiver to stay in the room. Which ethical consideration did he address?
No (undue) harm.
Name one way to avoid researcher bias.
Double-blind study
Reflexivity
Inter-rater reliability
Scenario: A psychologist wants to determine the best course of treatment to help a patient suffering from a phobia. She interviewed the patient and their family member, observed the patient on a daily basis and had the patient complete a self-report about their symptoms.
What research method is this?
Case study
Which sampling method could lead to "self-selection bias"?
Volunteer/self-selected sampling
A researcher conducted a research about intelligence and found that the data is biased against an ethnic group. She decided against publishing the data until further information could be collected. Which ethical consideration of reporting did she address?
Preventing risk of harm
What is the term to describe when researchers create a close relationship with participants in order to get more truthful response from them?
Building rapport
Which research method involves the manipulation of an independent variable and has high ecological validity?
Field experiment
A university posts a poll on its social media page asking students to participate in a survey about campus facilities. Students who see the post can choose to respond.
Question: What sampling method is being used?
Volunteer/self-selected sampling
They should write a public facing article or answer interviews to clarify the misunderstanding.
When participants respond in a way they think is socially acceptable rather than truthful, what kind of bias is this?
Social desirability bias