Blue/ Azul
Photosynthesis:
Plants absorb sunlight through their leaves, which causes them to produce glucose. So, they also release oxygen as a byproduct, which is essential for the survival of animals.
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Fotosíntesis: Las plantas absorben la luz solar a través de sus hojas, lo que les permite producir glucosa. Así, también liberan oxígeno como subproducto, lo cual es esencial para la supervivencia de los animales.
Sunlight passes through leaves, so the plants produce glucose.
OR
Sunlight passes through the leaves, so the plant release oxygen.
Tidal Forces:
The moon’s gravitational pull causes the water on Earth to bulge. So, we experience high and low tides at regular intervals.
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Fuerzas de marea:
La atracción gravitacional de la luna causa que el agua de la Tierra se abulte. Así, experimentamos mareas altas y bajas a intervalos regulares.
Responses vary
The moon's gravity pull, so the water on the Earth bulge/pocket.
OR
The moon's gravity pull, so we experience high and low tides.
Earthquakes:
Tectonic plates move and shift along fault lines, causing an earthquake. Because of this movement, energy is released, resulting in shaking of the Earth’s surface.
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Terremotos:
Las placas tectónicas se mueven y desplazan a lo largo de las fallas, causando un terremoto. Debido a este movimiento, se libera energía, lo que provoca el temblor de la superficie terrestre.
Responses vary
Tectonic plates move, so it causes an earthquake.
OR
Tectonic plates move and shift along the fault line, so energy is released.
Magnetic Field:
The Earth’s molten iron core generates a magnetic field. If this field didn’t exist, then harmful solar radiation would directly hit the Earth, threatening life.
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Campo magnético: El núcleo fundido de hierro de la Tierra genera un campo magnético. Si este campo no existiera, la radiación solar dañina golpearía directamente la Tierra, amenazando la vida.
Responses Vary
Earths iron core makes a magnetic field, so Earth would be protected.
OR
Earth's molten iron core makes a magnetic field, so harmful solar radiation would not directly hit the Earth.
Water Freezing:
If the temperature drops below 0°C, water molecules slow down and bond together. Then, water turns into ice, which is a solid state of water.
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Congelación del agua:
Si la temperatura desciende por debajo de 0°C, las moléculas de agua se ralentizan y se unen. Entonces, el agua se convierte en hielo, que es un estado sólido del agua.
Temperature drops below 0°C, so water molecules slow down and glue together.
OR
Water molecules slow down, so water turns into ice.
Hurricanes:
If ocean water becomes warm enough, it provides energy to form a hurricane. Then, the storm can cause powerful winds and heavy rainfall as it moves across the ocean.
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Huracanes:
Si el agua del océano se calienta lo suficiente, proporciona energía para formar un huracán. Luego, la tormenta puede causar vientos fuertes y lluvias intensas mientras se desplaza por el océano.
Responses Vary
The ocean water becomes warm, so energy is made to make a hurricane.
OR
The ocean water is warm, so powerful winds and heavy rainfall moves across the ocean.
Ozone Depletion:
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) break down the ozone layer in the atmosphere. So, ultraviolet radiation from the sun reaches the Earth, increasing the risk of skin cancer.
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Depleción del ozono:
Los clorofluorocarbonos (CFC) descomponen la capa de ozono en la atmósfera. Así, la radiación ultravioleta del sol llega a la Tierra, aumentando el riesgo de cáncer de piel
Responses vary
CFCs break down the ozone layer, so ultraviolet radiations reaches the earth.
OR
Ultraviolet radiations reaches the earth, so there is an increase of skin cancer.
Sound Waves:
When an object vibrates, it causes sound waves to travel through the air. Because of these vibrations, we can hear the sound produced by the object.
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Ondas sonoras:
Cuando un objeto vibra, provoca que las ondas sonoras viajen a través del aire. Debido a estas vibraciones, podemos escuchar el sonido producido por el objeto.
Responses Vary.
Object vibrates, so sound waves trave through the air.
OR
The sound waves travel through the air, so we can hear sounds made by the object.
OR
Vibrations in the air, so we can hear sounds.
Global Warming:
The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Because of this, the Earth traps more heat, causing global temperatures to rise.
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Calentamiento global:
La quema de combustibles fósiles libera dióxido de carbono en la atmósfera. Debido a esto, la Tierra atrapa más calor, causando el aumento de las temperaturas globales.
Responses vary
Fossil Fuels burns, so carbon dioxide releases into the atmosphere.
OR
Fossil fuel burns, so the earth traps more heat.
OR
The earth traps heat, so global temperatures rise.
Volcanic Eruptions:
The pressure from magma beneath the Earth's crust causes it to rise. If the pressure becomes too great, then a volcanic eruption occurs, releasing ash and lava.
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Erupciones volcánicas:
La presión del magma debajo de la corteza terrestre causa que suba. Si la presión se vuelve demasiado alta, ocurre una erupción volcánica, liberando ceniza y lava.
Responses Vary
The pressure from magma rises, so the Earth's crust rises.
OR
The pressure from magma rises, so a volcano erupts.
OR
The volcano erupts, so it releases ash and lava.
Air Pollution:
When factories and cars emit pollutants like carbon monoxide, it causes smog. As a result, air quality worsens, leading to respiratory problems and health issues for humans.
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Contaminación del aire:
Cuando las fábricas y los automóviles emiten contaminantes como monóxido de carbono, causan smog. Como resultado, la calidad del aire empeora, lo que lleva a problemas respiratorios y de salud para los seres humanos.
Responses vary
Factories can throw pollution, so it creates smog.
OR
It causes smog, so the air quality gets worse.
OR
The air quality is worse, so there are respiratory problems and health issues for humans.
Sugar Fermentation:
Yeast consumes sugar in the absence of oxygen, causing fermentation. This process produces alcohol and carbon dioxide, which is used in making beer and bread
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Fermentación del azúcar: La levadura consume azúcar en ausencia de oxígeno, causando la fermentación. Este proceso produce alcohol y dióxido de carbono, que se utilizan en la elaboración de cerveza y pan.
Responses vary.
Yeast eats sugar with no air, so the yeast ferments.
OR
Yeast eats sugar with no air, so it makes alcohol and carbon dioxide.
OR
Yeast makes alcohol and carbon dioxide, so it is used in making beer and bread.
Lunar Eclipse:
A lunar eclipse happens when the Earth comes between the sun and the moon. This causes the Earth’s shadow to fall on the moon, turning it red.
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Eclipse lunar:
Un eclipse lunar ocurre cuando la Tierra se interpone entre el sol y la luna. Esto hace que la sombra de la Tierra caiga sobre la luna, volviéndola roja.
Responses vary
The Earth comes between the sun and the moon, so a lunar eclipses happens.
OR
The lunar eclipse happens so, the Earth's shadow makes the moon look red.
Acid Rain:
When factories release sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the air, these gases mix with water vapor. As a result, acid rain falls, which harms plants, water systems, and buildings.
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Lluvia ácida:
Cuando las fábricas liberan dióxido de azufre y óxidos de nitrógeno al aire, estos gases se mezclan con el vapor de agua. Como resultado, cae lluvia ácida, que daña las plantas, los sistemas acuáticos y los edificios.
Responses vary
Factories release gases, so it mixes with water vapor.
OR
Water vapor mixes with gases, so acid rain falls.
OR
Acid rain falls, so plants, water systems and buildings are damaged.
Rainforest Destruction:
Deforestation removes trees that absorb carbon dioxide from the air. Because of this, carbon levels in the atmosphere increase, contributing to climate change.
---------------------------------------------Destrucción de los bosques tropicales: La deforestación elimina los árboles que absorben dióxido de carbono del aire. Debido a esto, los niveles de carbono en la atmósfera aumentan, contribuyendo al cambio climático.
Responses vary
We remove tress (deforestation), so carbon dioxide levels increase in the air.
OR
Deforestation removes tress that absorb carbon dioxide from the air, so it adds to climate change.
Water Cycle:
When the sun heats up water in oceans and lakes, it causes evaporation. Then, the water vapor cools down, condenses, and falls as rain, completing the water cycle.
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Ciclo del agua:
Cuando el sol calienta el agua en los océanos y lagos, provoca la evaporación. Luego, el vapor de agua se enfría, se condensa y cae como lluvia, completando el ciclo del agua.
Responses vary.
The sun heats up water in the ocean and lakes, so it evaporates the water.
OR
The water evaporates, so the water vapor cools down the air, collects in the cloud and rain falls.