Parkinson's
True or false: Researchers do not know the exact cause of Parkinson's
True
What type of tremor do pts with Parkinson's have?
Resting tremor
Which disease does the pt have?
34 year-old who has tremors, dysphagia, weakness, diarrhea, urinary retention, ED, and blurred vision
MS
True or false: MS patients are diagnosed and then deteriorate rapidly
False: For some patients, MS is marked by rapid, progressive deterioration. Others have remissions and exacerbations.
MS typically effects males or females?
Females
True or false: dry mouth and festination are s/s of Parkinson's?
False: drooling and festination (shuffling gait)
Is Parkinson's caused by genetics?
Researchers don't exactly know. But it is seen that 20-25% of cases have Parkinson's in their family history.
Drug interventions should start early with MS or Parkinson's?
MS
At what age is the onset of MS seen?
Age 20-40
True or false: IV corticosteroids cure MS.
False: no cure currently exists for MS. Drugs only delay the progression.
Which of the following are s/s of Parkinson's?
a. Blank affect
b. Quick slurred speech
c. Forward tilting posture
d. Shuffling gait
E. Flaccid muscles
a. Blank affect
c. Forward tilting posture
d. Shuffling gait
Explain why Sinamet helps Parkinson's pts
Levodopa acts as dopamine, which is what Parkinson's pts are missing. It can cross the blood-brain barrier. Carbidopa inhibits the enzyme dopa-decarboxylase, which breaks down levodopa before it reaches the brain.
A 66 year old is more at risk for which disease?
Parkinson's
Which part of the nervous system does MS effect?
a. SNS
B. PNS
C. CNS
CNS
True or false: MS is easily diagnosed
False: MS can go unnoticed because it has very broad s/s. History and physical is the most important to obtain.
What is the patho behind Parkinson's?
An imbalance between dopamine and acetylcholine. Additionally, Lewy bodies are found in the brain tissue.
As soon as a pt is diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, they should start taking ________ even if no symptoms are present.
no drugs until symptoms are effecting daily life. there is no Cure for Parkinson's. Drugs are only for symptom management.
What is paradoxical intoxication? And what disease is it often associated with?
Occurs when excessive amounts of Parkinson's drugs worsen rather than help the disease.
Which of the following are s/s of MS? SATA
A. Ptosis
B. Dysarthria
C. Paresthesias
D. Loss of smell
E. Depression
B. Dysarthria
C. Paresthesias
E. Depression
Name some diagnostics of MS
• History and physical assessment/neuro assess
• CSF analysis
• MRI
A 76-year-old patient is being treated with carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet) for Parkinsons disease. Which information is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider?
a. Shuffling gait
b. Tremor at rest
c. Cogwheel rigidity of limbs
d. Uncontrolled head movement
d. Uncontrolled head movement
The rest are typical s/s of Parkinson's. D is a SE
Which nursing diagnosis is of highest priority for a patient with Parkinsons disease who is unable to move the facial muscles?
a. Activity intolerance
b. Self-care deficit: toileting
c. Ineffective self-health management
d. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
d. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
Think about Maslow's hierarchy of needs!
If a patient is having trouble with dysphagia, should the nurse:
a. suggest clear liquids
b. Give them liquids through a straw
c. place an NG tube
D. thicken the liquids
D. Thicken the liquids
Explain the patho behind MS
Disseminated demyelination of nerve fibers of the brain and spinal cord
When obtaining a health history and physical assessment for a 36-year-old female patient with possible multiple sclerosis (MS), the nurse should
a. assess for the presence of chest pain.
b. inquire about urinary tract problems.
c. inspect the skin for rashes or discoloration.
d. ask the patient about any increase in libido.
b. inquire about urinary tract problems.
Chest pain and rashes are not common for MS. Decreased libido is a s/s of MS.