Early Leading Theorists
This sociologist is known as the “Father of Sociology.”
Who is Auguste Comte?
Sociologists must follow guidelines to protect participants. One key principle is that subjects must agree to take part in a study. What is this called?
hat is informed consent?
shared rules of conduct that guide behavior are called ____.
What are norms?
A rise in unemployment often leads to an increase in this social issue.
What is poverty?
A small group of friends who share close ties is an example of this type of group
What is a primary group?
this theory views society as a system of interrelated parts working together for stability.
What is functionalism?
Observing people in their natural environment is called this method.
What is participant observation?
Objects created by humans that reflect culture are known as ____.
What is material culture/physical objects?
Industrialization caused many people to move to cities, a process known as ____.
What is urbanization?
When individuals conform to group expectations, they are fulfilling these.
what are social roles
This theorist introduced the concept of “Ideal Type” to understand social behavior.
Who is Max Weber?
This method tests cause-and-effect relationships under controlled conditions.
What is an experiment?
The system of symbols used for communication is called ____.
What is language?
Increased media exposure can lead to changes in public opinion. This is an example of ____.
what is a cause and effect relationship?
A group you identify with and feel loyalty toward is called this.
in group
this theory argues that society is shaped by struggles between groups competing for resources.
what is conflict theory
A study that follows the same group of people over many years to track changes is called this.
What is longitudinal research?
Beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong, are called ____.
What are values?
the Civil Rights Movement was a response to this long-standing social condition.
What is racial inequality/discrimination?
A group you view as competition or opposition is called this.
out group
This perspective focuses on how individuals interact and create meaning through symbols.
What is symbolic interactionism?
This method involves in-depth study of a single person, group, or event.
What is a case study?
Sociologists often describe culture as having several elements. Name at least three examples.
What are religion, artifacts, music, art, behaviors, and beliefs?
the idea that societies progress from simple to complex forms over time is known as ____.
What is social evolution?
the tension between fulfilling multiple roles at once, such as being a student and an employee, is called this.
role conflict