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Terms
People's Rights
100
this French political and military leader rose to power in 1804 in the wake of the French revolution. In time, He named himself emperor and instituted moderate reforms that assured the rights of French adult men, instituted a merit-based society, and protected private property. His armies conquered much of Europe before they were defeated in 1814, after a disastrous winter incursion into Russia.
What is Napoleon Bonaparte
100
These communities of immigrants formed as numerous members of one ethnic group settled together within a new society, usually a city. Chinatowns are some examples.
What is Ethnic enclaves
100
This political philosophy exemplifies the philosophy of Karl Marx. According to Marx, for it to be established, a violent revolution must occur to overthrow existing capitalist structures and make way for a society based on equality.
What is Communism
100
This document, written by Latin American revolutionary Simon Bolivar, laid out his vision for a united Latin American free of European domination.
What is Jamaica Letter
100
These rights, promoted by the Enlightenment thinker John Locke, are those rights inherently held by people upon birth. The concept of natural rights influenced later rebellions, revolts, and governments, such as the U.S Declaration of Independence.
What is natural rights
200
This economic and social class emerged as an important force during the 19th century. Increased industrial wages for men allowed middle class women to forego work, and middle class values began to increasingly diverge from working class values.
What is middle class
200
This 19th century Native American religious movement sought to revive traditional cultures and expel white settlers. This sporadically cropped up throughout much of the Western united states
What is Ghost Dance
200
This political ideology arose as a result of the spread of Enlightenment thought. It supports the rights and freedom of the individual and seeks to limit the power of the government.
What is Liberalism
200
This term describes land or goods held exclusively by individuals or groups rather than owned by the government or society at large. Increased legal protection of this contributed to the rise of industrial production during the Industrial Revolution.
What is Private Property
200
This political principle, promoted by Enlightenment thinkers such as Locke and Rousseau, claims that rulers and the ruled have either a formal or unspoken contract laying out the rights and responsibilities of each. According to this theory, people create governments, which are thus subject to the consent of the governed. This new idea set the stage for the rebellions and revolts that occurred later, such as the French and American revolutions.
What is social contact
300
This economic and social class emerged during this period as a result of increased industrialization. Karl Marx defined them as those who sell their labor power for use in industrial production. Marx called for a revolution in which this class would overthrow the bourgeoisie, or the owners of capital and business.
What is proletariat
300
This religious belief is informed by the Book of Revelation in the Christian bible. Many of these movements believe that the world will end soon, when Jesus Christ returns to earth and judges its inhabitants.
What is Millenarianism
300
This economic system relies on private ownership of capital and goods and the influence of the market to shape economic factors such as prices and wages. Capitalism has dominated Western economic practice since the end of feudalism.
What is Capitalism
300
This phenomenon describes the movement of people from rural areas to cities, often to search of economic opportunities. It’s Increased was closely linked to the Industrial Revolution.
What is Urbanization
300
This end of slave labor spread through Europe and the Americas during the 19th century as the Enlightenment ideas of freedom and liberty combined with increased costs, slave revolts, and other economic influences made slavery an unsupportable system. This is the formal freeing of enslaved people.
What is abolition of slavery
400
This racially motivated prejudice rose as global migration increased and brought diverse people into contact. Some governments tried to stem the flow of certain ethnicities into their countries through actions such as the United States’ Chinese Exclusion Act and Australia’s White Australian Policy.
What is Anti-immigrant prejudice
400
These colonies were established around the globe by imperialist European powers. Examples of settler colonies include the British in southern Africa, Australia, and New Zealand, and the French in Algeria.
What is settler colonies
400
This form of imperialism exist when an external power extends its influence into a nation through economic might rather than physical presence. Examples of this is during the 19th century include the British and French expansion of influence in China through the Opium Wars and the United State’s heavy investment in Latin America.
What is economic imperialism
400
This phenomenon takes place as societies develop a complex economic system that relies on the factory system of production. It first began in Europe and spread around the world over time. It is considered one of the hallmarks of modern society.
What is Industrialization
400
This occurred in 1804 after several years of civil war between white Europeans, free blacks, and enslaved Haitians. The revolution was led by Toussaint I’Ouverture. Haiti became only the second independent republic in the Western Hemisphere and the first to ban slavery.
What is Haiti Independence
500
These communities, established by escaped slaves know as maroons, challenged existing authorities in the Americas, such as Brazil, Cuba, and the Guyanas.
What is Maroon Societies
500
This event occurred in 1857 when this people of the South African cape sacrificed their cattle in masse in respond to a prophecy. They believed that this action would lead to the overthrow of the British, but instead it led to widespread starvation and dampened it’s resistance efforts.
What is Xhosa cattle-killing
500
This political theory rejects all government, instead holding individuals and groups should freely and voluntarily cooperate to form societies. It first emerged as a serious political theory during the mid-19th century, partially in response to capitalist exploitation of workers.
What is Anarchism
500
This system of education offers free education to all children. It became increasingly common from the late 19th century onward. Reform efforts such as public education were introduced as a way to deter popular rebellion and answer criticism to industrial global capitalism.
What is public education
500
This period lasted from 1787 to 1799 as the French subjects overturned their royal government in favor of a republic. It suffered difficulties- particularly the bloody Reign of Terror- and eventually led to the rise of military and political leader Napoleon Bonaparte.
What is French Revolution