1
Which disease start with weakness in the legs?
Guillan Barre Syndrome
Which infection can be treated with antibiotics? Bacterial or viral meningitis?
Bacterial meningitis
Myasthenia gravis is a ____________ disorder. What’s the primary symptom of this disease?
Neuromuscular; fatigue
Which part of the body is normally affected with myasthenia gravis?
Voluntary muscles
The primary symptom of dementia is _______.
Memory loss
Alzheimer-like tendencies start emerging on this stage _______.
Early stage Alzheimer's is IDENTIFIED during this stage ______.
Stage 2 (very mild decline)
Stage 4 (moderate decline)
Your patient is in the early stages of ALS. It is your job to educate them. You can only speak about your field. What will you talk to them about?
Speech, Swallowing, Breathing
Name one other impairment besides memory that would qualify someone for dementia.
Deficits in:
Expressive or receptive language skills
Recognition and identification of objects
Ability to execute motor activities
Executive functioning
________ is the most common form of dementia.
Alzheimer's
A patient comes into the ER with a prior medical history of epilepsy. As you are gathering case history, they start telling you that you look blurry to them and that they need to throw up. What stage is this?
Aura
You read the patient report and find that the pt’s immune system is eating away at the myelin of the brain and spinal cords. Automatically, you can deduce that the patient has:
Multiple Sclerosis
The pt has been confirmed to have multiple sclerosis. Pt seems to be exhibiting hyperkinetic dysarthria and fatigue while eating. You will be setting goals to address:
Speech and swallowing
Pt has trouble with shifting attention from one task to another. For example, his wife complains that he can't listen to her and write something down at the same time. It makes it hard when they are trying to manage household bills. What type of attention is he having trouble with?
Alternating attention
Explain the difference between encephalitis and meningitis.
Encephalitis is an infection in the brain. Meningitis is an infection of the meninges.
The pt has a malignant tumor in the lungs that has been spreading to the other parts of the body. What is a course of treatment that the person can take?
Resection (surgery to remove tumor) or chemotherapy or radiation
Pt has been having trouble recalling biographical information about themselves and can't figure out how to turn on the coffee machine (which he used to be able to do). He is also starting to become quite irritable and tends wander away from the house. What stage of cognitive decline is this?
Stage 6: Severe decline
Which of the following causes progressive paralysis?
- Dementia
- ALS
- Guillan Barre
ALS
What are some common symptoms that a patient experience during post-ictus?
This person has a mixed dementia with severe adverse reaction to Parkinson's meds.
Dementia with Lew bodies
Your patient with dementia has lost the ability to swallow efficiently. In addition, when you try to speak to them, they sound like they're speaking nonsense or they rarely speak at all. What stage of cognitive decline is this?
Stage 7: Very severe decline
Explain the pathway of weakness and recovery of Guillain Barre.
You come into the pt's room and asked him if he has seen the doctor yet. He says they have and they talked about the weather and the doctor's recent vacation to Europe. The pt's wife later tells you that the meeting between them and the doctor never happened. However, the pt believes it's true. This is known as _______.
Confabulation
Pt has a seizure that started in both sides of the brain. What is this called?
Tonic clonic seizure
Communication at the end stage of dementia looks like __________.
Nonverbal, empty speech, progressive dysphagia, may not respond to name, and unresponsive to social stimuli