Formal prepostional clauses
They climbed up to the top of a large rock, they got a good view from it.
They climbed up to the top of a large rock, from which they got a good view.
It's a piece of jewllery across which I came in an antique shop.
It's a piece of jewellery I came across in an antique shop.
She is one of the few people I look up to.
The manager was impressed by Jo's work so he extended her contract for a year.
Impressed by Jo's work, the manager extended her contract for a year.
Tony took the wrong bus, so he found himself in an unfamiliar town.
Having taken the wrong bus, Tony found himself in an unfamiliar town.
The town lies in a valley. The valley is very polluted.
The valley in which the town lies is very polluted.
The extra work on which she took was starting to affect her health.
The extra work she took on was starting to affect her health.
There is a table, a chair, and a book. None of them are mine.
There is a table, a chair, and a book, none of which are mine.
Tom had aquired the money through hard work, so he was reluctant to give it away.
Having acquired the money through hard work, Tom was reluctant to give it away.
While Roy was taking off his shoes, he noticed that the door was unlocked.
Taking off his shoes, Roy noticed that the door was unlocked.
A large amount of oil was spilled. Its effects are still being felt.
A large amount of oil was spilled, the effects of which are still being felt.
The people with whom I work are all very friendly.
The people who I work with are all very friendly.
As we didn't want to offend him, we said nothing about his paintings.
Not wanting to offend him, we said nothing about his paintings.
Neil had worked as a clerk, a painter, and a bus driver. Therefore, Neil decided to go back to university.
Having worked as a clerk, a painter, and a bus driver, Neil decided to go back to university.
I knew exactly what I wanted, so I didn't spend much time at the shopping centre.
Knowing exactly what I wanted, so I didn't spend much time at the shopping centre.
An actor contacted Jack about a new role. She had previously worked with Jack.
An actor with whom Jack had previously worked contacted Jack about a new role.
The forms in which I had to fill were very complicated.
The forms I had to fill in were very complicated.
I had to choose between an iPhone and a Samsung phone. I didn't really want either of them.
I had to choose between an iPhone and a Samsung phone, neither of which I really wanted.
Dave is unemployed, so he has time to thnk about what job he really wants.
Being unemployed, Dave has time to think about what job he really wants.
As she pointed to the empty table, Sandra said, "It was here a moment ago."
Pointing to the empty table, Sandra said, "It was here a moment ago."
The movie is based on a novel. In the novel, the main character is a teenager.
In the novel on which the movie is based, the main character is a teenager.
He had many friends with whom he talked.
Ron had arrived early for his appointment, so he looked at some emails on his smartphone in the waiting room.
Having arrived early for his appointment, Ron looked at some emails on his smartphone in the waiting room.
She had spent all morning working in the garden, so Betty took a short lunch break.
Having spent all morning working in the garden, Betty took a short lunch break.
As Mark smiled cheerfully at them, he exclaimed, "I'm back!"
Smiling cheerfully at them, he exclaimed, "I'm back!"