A
what is Pathology?
bridging between basic sciences and clinical practice
what 2 Greek words makes up the word Pathology?
Pathos which means suffering
Logos which mean study
What is pneumonia?
infectious inflammation of lung tissue
what are the categories of etiology?
1.genetic disease
2.congenital disease
3.acquired disease
What do we call disease of unknown etiology?
idiopathic
What does D.I.S.H stands for? And what is another name for the disease?
diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis a.k.a. Forestier's disease
how is genetic etiology defined as?
when an individual's genes are responsible for some structural or functional defects.
How do we define Congenital Etiology?
when the genetic information is intact, but other factors in the embryo's intrauterine environment interfere with normal development.
What is a frequent outcome of influenzal pneumonia?
is very dangerous, and frequently leads to death.
What cause an increase in the risks factor of Trisomy 21?
increased risk of this kind of genetic mutation, and age of parents: the older the parents, the higher is this risk.
What are the clinical consequences of Toxoplasmosis?
Congenital toxoplasmosis:
1. Intracerebral calcification (toxoplasmic encephalitis)
2. Chorioretinitis (Ocular toxoplasmosis)
3. Hydrocephaly-Congenital disease
4.Microcephaly- Congenital disease
5.Convulsions
6. Mental retardation
7. Cardiomegaly
what is Alcohol fetal syndrome?
a condition that can occur in a person whose mother drank alcohol during her pregnancy
how do we now characterize thalidomide and why?
the medicine was a strong teratogen resulted in development of multiple anatomical abnormalities, characterized by massive hypoplasia and aplasia
What is Rubella?
a virus causing one of the viral diseases of the childhood.
what is the teratogenic effect of rubella on pregnant women?
It can cause a miscarriage or serious birth defects in a developing baby if a woman is infected while being pregnant.
what is the etiological agent of shingles?
Varicella zoster virus
how do we characterize brain abscess?
the dissolution of the brain tissue by the virulent bacteria, which could be brought to the brain by the venous blood due to local bacteremia
What does the veins of the nasolabial area of the face communicate?
with the veins of the brain
Is acne vulgaris reversible?
Yes we can recover from acne vulgaris
what is the a etiological agent for Lung emphysema?
smoking could be the etiological agent
what is usually recommended when a pregnant woman has been exposed to rubella?
abortion is usually recommended
what are some symptoms or characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome?
1. Small head
2. Low nasal bridge
3. Small eye openings
4. Short nose
5. Smooth philtrum
6.Underdeveloped jaw
7.Epicanthal folds
what causes toxoplasmosis?
An unicellular parasite called Toxoplasma gondii
what is a common vector for toxoplasmosis?
Cats
what are teratogen?
disturbs the development of the embryo or fetus, resulting in development of anatomical or functional abnormalities