Etiology
Cause of membrane damage in nephritic syndrome.
What is inflammation?
This is the term for urinary leakage due to increased pressure caused by laughing, sneezing, or coughing.
What is stress incontinence?
Hallmark of nephritic syndrome.
What is hematuria?
This symptom of renal calculi (or most urinary tract obstructions) can lead to infections.
What is urinary stasis?
Kegel exercises strengthen this area.
Wherem'st is the pelvic floor?
Type of acute renal injury caused by infection or nephrotoxic medications.
What is intrinsic or intra-renal injury?
These manifestations of chronic renal failure are caused by decreased production of erythropoietin and lysis of RBCs.
What are anemia and thrombocytopenia?
Major diagnostic labs that measure kidney function.
What are BUN/Creatinine and glomerular filtration rate(GFR)?
Patients with chronic renal failure might experience pruritus due to this.
What is uremic ash?
(uric acid deposits on skin and crystallizes)
This area of acute renal injury is usually related to hypoperfusion.
Wherem'st is pre-renal injury?
Most common etiology for overflow incontinence in male patients.
What is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
This is the term for total body swelling that occurs with nephrotic syndrome.
What is anasarca?
Measures the amount of fluid in the bladder.
What is a bladder scan?
This treatment involves the use of acoustic sound waves to break up renal calculi, making them easier to pass.
What is lithotripsy?
This is made up of striated muscle and enables our voluntary control over the holding or releasing of our bladder contents.
Wherem'st is the external sphincter?
Two most common causes of overflow incontinence in female patients.
What are interstitial cystitis and cystocele?
This manifestation of nephrotic syndrome is a result of proteinuria; leads to decreased oncotic pressure and fluid shifts.
What is hypoalbuminemia?
Causes foamy, beer-looking urine.
What is nephrotic syndrome?
Decreased intake of these three components make up the "renal diet."
What are the 3 P's (protein/potassium/phosphate)?
A lithiasis in this location is characterized by a dull, constant flank pain.
Wherem'st is the renal pelvis?
Theory explaining acute glomerulonephritis in nephritic syndrome.
(2 acceptable answers)
1. What is molecular mimicry? (autoimmune attack of glomerulus due to a pathogen having DNA very similar to our own)
2. What is a type III hypersensitivity reaction? (antigen-antibody complexes deposit in glomerulus and encite inflammation)
This manifestation of chronic renal failure is due to the kidneys' inability to produce active vitamin D or properly regulate phosphate and calcium.
What is renal osteodystrophy?
Invasive diagnostic procedure using an in & out catheter immediately after patient has voided.
What is a post void residual (PVR)?
- used to diagnose overflow incontinence
These complications of renal calculi are caused by dilatation of structures above the occlusion.
What is hydronephrosis/hydroureter?
A lithiasis in this location is characterized by colicky pain (cramping in waves) in the flank or groin, and often nausea and vomiting as well.
Wherem'st is the ureter?