Intro to Patho
Branch of medicine that investigates the essential nature of disease, especially changes in body tissues and organs that are caused by disease
Pathology
Is the percentage of RBCs in the blood
Is a quick test for anemia and assists in diagnosing abnormal states of hydration.
Critical values: <15% OR >60%
Reference values: W: 37-47% M: 42-52%
Decreased with blood loss, severe burns, leukemia, cirrhosis. Impaired ability to carry O2. Presents w/ SOB, fatigue, orthostatic hypotension
Increased with severe dehydration (burns) and polycthemia
Hematocrit
The blood panel that is comprised of 8 specific tests (what are they)
SODIUM, POTASSIUM, CHLORIDE, CALCIUM, BLOOD UREA NITROGEN (BUN), CREATININE, GLUCOSE, CO2
The recognition of disease- determining the cause and pathologic conditions
Diagnosis
A blood test that tests the amount of RBC in the blood. (The concentration of hemoglobin/O2 in the blood)
Critical Values: <5.0 g/dL OR >20 g/dL
Reference values: W: 12-16 M:14-18
Decreased with pregnancy, some meds (Aspirin), severe bleeding
Increased with living at high altitudes, some meds, COPD, CHF, dehydration
Hemoglobin
Calculation made to standardize prothrombin time.
Normal value: 0.9-1.2
Therapeutic: 2.0-3.0
International Normalized Ratio (INR)
A model that focuses on the impact and social aspects of disability and does not see disability only as a 'medical' or 'biological' dysfunction. It looks at the interaction between impairment, limitation & restriction & their effects on environmental & personal factors
ICF Model
(International Classification of Functioning, Disability & Health)
The condition that is caused by iron deficiency, chronic inflammatory conditions, or excessive bleeding. It presents with SOB, weakness, fatigue, hypotension, and tachycardia.
Anemia
Most lab tests are performed on what kind of blood
Venous Blood Draws
What is the term if WBC is trending down and what can it indicate? Same for if WBC is trending up?
Leukocytosis (trending up): >11.0 109/L
This likely indicates active infection.
Neurtopenia (trending down): <1.5 109/L
This increases risk for infection.
What enzymes are released with liver damage?
AST, ALT, LDH
What is a CBC? What does it test specifically?
A Complete Blood Count is a routine blood test that screens for anemia, infection, and coagulation disorders. It is very valuable for PTs bc it helps determine tolerance to exercise.
Tests for: RBC (hematocrit & hemoglobin), WBC, and Thrombocytes (Platelets)
Clotting potential of blood.
Decreased with anemia, excessive bleeding, antibiotics, leukemia,
Increased with infection, inflammation, trauma, heart disease, cirrhosis
Platelets
GGT is _______ with significant liver disorders
ALP is ________ with liver tumors, RA, Paget's Disease
Elevated
Increased