A
This immunoglobulin binds to mast cells and basophils, triggering histamine release in allergic reactions like hay fever and asthma.
Answer: What is IgE?
Despite increased blood volume loss, this value paradoxically remains normal immediately post-hemorrhage until fluid replacement occurs.
What is hematocrit
This inheritance pattern of sickle cell disease requires both parents to carry the mutation, with homozygous form being more severe.
What is autosomal recessive (homozygous form is more severe)?
This unusual craving for ice (pica) accompanies fatigue and pallor in this most common nutritional anemia.
What is iron deficiency anemia?
This autoimmune platelet disorder presents with bruising, petechiae, and gum bleeding, often triggered by viral infections like chickenpox.
What is Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)?
These granulated cells degranulate to release histamine during allergic reactions, causing itching and bronchoconstriction.
Answer: What are mast cells?
This "great imitator" autoimmune disease presents with butterfly rash, joint pain, and hypertension from immune complex deposition.
Answer: What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?
These lymphocytes give rise to Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin lymphoma.
Answer: What are B lymphocytes?
These three interventions treat iron deficiency: oral ferrous sulfate (most common), IV iron when oral isn't tolerated, and this vitamin that enhances absorption.
What are oral ferrous sulfate, IV iron, and Vitamin C supplementation?
List the three sequential steps of hemostasis that stop bleeding.
Answer: What are 1) Vasoconstriction, 2) Platelet plug formation, 3) Coagulation cascade/fibrin clot?
This hypersensitivity type involves antibody-mediated destruction of red blood cells during mismatched blood transfusions.
Answer: What is Type II Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity?
This virus increases risk for Hodgkin lymphoma and causes infectious mononucleosis.
Answer: What is Epstein-Barr Virus?
These pathognomonic binucleated cells confirm Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis, with males at higher risk and EBV exposure as a risk factor.
Answer: What are Reed-Sternberg cells?
This micronutrient deficiency is the leading cause of anemia worldwide.
Answer: What is iron deficiency?
This abnormal dilation of superficial veins occurs when valve function is impaired, causing blood pooling.
What is a varicosity (abnormally dilated superficial vein)?
This immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity mechanism underlies SLE pathophysiology, creating "trash piles" that clog joints.
Answer: What is Type III Immune Complex Hypersensitivity?
This most common immunodeficiency affects mucosal immunity, causing recurrent respiratory infections in children despite intact systemic immunity.
Answer: What is Selective IgA deficiency?
This slow-progressing leukemia involves B cells that fail to differentiate from precursors into mature cells, accumulating in blood and bone marrow.
Answer: What are B cells that have failed to differentiate (CLL)?
This test evaluates the extrinsic pathway and coagulation factors, prolonged when factors are deficient.
What is Prothrombin Time (PT) measuring coagulation factors?