Substance Abuse
A client who drinks alcohol daily is at risk for which vitamin deficiency?
A patient describes pain as dull and aching for 7 months. What type is this?
Chronic pain.
Which early sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) should the nurse monitor?
Decreased level of consciousness.
What is the most common cause of fractures in older women?
Osteoporosis
Which interventions prevents falls in elderly patients with osteoporosis?
Examples: Remove loose rugs and ensure good lighting
Which finding is a hallmark of opioid withdrawal?
Pupillary dilation, rhinorrhea, diaphoresis.
Which nonpharmacologic technique uses mild electrical currents to relieve pain?
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).
A client with Parkinson’s disease should receive which medication to restore dopamine balance?
Levodopa-carbidopa.
What is presbycusis?
Age-related hearing loss.
A patient with alcohol withdrawal should receive which vitamin B1, why?
Prevents Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
A client presents with paranoia, hallucinations, and dilated pupils after using a substance. Which is most likely?
Cocaine
Which assessment finding indicates ischemic pain?
Cramping in calves relieved by rest.
Which condition is characterized by autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors?
Myasthenia Gravis
An older adult male experiences urinary dribbling and incomplete emptying. What condition is likely?
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).
What is something a patient may report that indicates neuropathic pain?
“Burning and tingling in my feet.”
Which nursing action is priority for a patient experiencing delirium tremens?
Maintain airway and administer IV benzodiazepines.
A client with cancer reports escalating pain despite opioids. What is the best next step?
Add adjuvant therapy (e.g., antidepressants, anticonvulsants).
A patient with MS reports blurred vision and weakness. What is the underlying pathophysiology?
Demyelination of CNS neurons.
Why are older adults at higher risk for drug toxicity?
Decreased renal clearance.
What is phantom pain?
Pain in a limb that is no longer there (amputation)
Which intervention best reduces relapse risk in clients with substance use disorders?
Participation in support groups like Alcoholics Anonymous.
A patient reports severe right shoulder pain after laparoscopic gallbladder surgery. Which type of pain is this?
Referred pain.
Which intervention is priority for a patient with Guillain-Barre Syndrome?
Monitor respiratory status and prepare for mechanical ventilation.
Which cardiovascular change is common with aging and increases risk for MI or stroke?
Arteriosclerosis.
A patient with Alzheimer’s disease becomes increasingly agitated in the evening. What is this called?
Sundowning.