Disorders
What is the disorder where T cells mistakenly attack myelin sheaths around nerve fibers?
What is multiple sclerosis
What medication is typically used to treat an active seizure?
What are benzodiazepines such as lorazepam or diazepam
Which disorder is characterized by difficulty paying attention, lack of focus, excessive activity, and impulsiveness?
What is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
This medication converts to dopamine in the brain along with a medication that blocks the enzyme that converts it before getting to the brain
What are levodopa and carbidopa (Sinemet) this is why they are given together
What type of seizure may be limited to one part of the body, including jerking extremities, heightened strange smells, while remaining conscious?
What are focal seizures
What is the chronic pain condition caused by peripheral nerve damage?
What is peripheral neuropathy
This medication may be used to manage muscle spasticity and spasms in clients with cerebral palsy?
What are muscle relaxants such as baclofen and flexeril
What disorder causes a cognitive decline that will worsen until a patient even forgets to eat, along with mobility impairments leading up to complete dependence upon others?
What is Alzheimer's disease
What are dopaminergic receptor agonists used for? Such as pramipexole
What is Parkinson's disease
What is a seizure lasting more than 5 minutes, or multiple seizures without regaining consciousness in between called?
What is status epilepticus. This is a situation requiring immediate medical attention to prevent brain damage.
What condition is caused by a disturbance in fetal brain development resulting in motor and/or cognitive function difficulties?
What is cerebral palsy
This medication is an anticonvulsant, but as it acts on the CNS, modulating the calcium channels and reducing it, lowering release of pain-signaling neurotransmitters
What is pregabalin or Lyrica (anticonvulsant)
What is the inner ear disorder caused by improper fluid drainage, autoimmune disorders, or viruses that presents with vertigo, nausea, and tinnitus?
What is Meniere's disease
What type of medications can cause suicidal thoughts?
What are sodium channel inhibitors (pheyntoin, carbamazepine, and oxcarbazepine)
What type of seizure is when a person stops talking and stares into space unaware of surroundings, but does not lose consciousness?
What are absence seizures (old name Petit Mal)
What two disorders are noted to have the formation of lewy bodies in the neurons in the brain?
What are Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia
This medication blocks sodium ions from entering nerve cells, reducing excitability of nerve cells and lessening pain signals
What are sodium channel blockers such as carbamazepine (Tegretol)
What may be causing the patient to get dizzy for less than a minute at a time? She says this even occurs when laying down.
What is BPPV.... Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
What patient teaching is essential for a patient starting a new seizure medication?
What are to take as prescribed, do not skip doses, do not stop abruptly, may cause drowsiness. Notify MD for any negative changes in mood or suicidal ideations.
These seizures start without warning, LOC occurs, body stiffens with jerking movements. They may also be incontinent of urine.
What are generalized (tonic/clonic) seizures
When stimuli affects the brain at a cellular level causing neurons to be overly excited and firing unexpectedly?
What are seizures
This type of medication is used for adjuvant pain relief, specifically neuropathic pain
What are tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline
What would you suspect is going on if a patient is losing their central vision, depth perception, and spatial orientation?
What is age-related macular degeneration
What medications are the first line therapy for a patient with ADHD without any other health history?
What are stimulants, such as methylphenidates or amphetamines.
What can happen with chronic epilepsy?
Reduced quality of life and decreased life expectancy d/t sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP)