Patho Basics
An increase in muscle size would be due to this
What is hypertrophy?
For a patient with watery diarrhea for over 24 hours, lethargy, poor skin turgor, and no urine output, the first intervention for the nurse would be to administer this...
What is IV fluids?
First line of healing tissue that forms over a wound. It is more fragile than other tissues.
What is granulation tissue?
The study of bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses is called
What is microbiology?
This life-threatening airway obstruction is caused by an antigen-antibody reaction
What is anaphylaxis?
These blood vessels transport blood away from the heart into the lungs and body tissues
What are arteries?
The term given to the change that occurs in women that results in lack of ovulation and cessation of menstruation
What is Menopause?
The stress response increases the release of this pain blocking agent
What are Endorphins?
A stable internal environment
What is homeostasis?
An increase in serum phosphorous levels is associated with what type of electrolyte imbalance?
What is Hypocalcemia?
This type of fibrous tissue is responsible for scarring after an injury, and provides strength for newly repaired tissue
What is collagen?
Irregular shaped clusters of bacteria are categorized as this
What is Staph?
This type of transplant where a person's own tissue is used is called
What is Autograft?
The amount of blood that an adult body contains
What is 5 liters?
What is Osteoarthritis?
The body's stress response elevates these two functions
What is high blood pressure and heart rate?
A pap smear that shows cells varying cell sizes and shapes would be called cervical _______
What is dysplasia?
Dysrhythmia, paresthesia, and anorexia are symptoms of which type of electrolyte imbalance?
What is Hypokalemia?
This diagnostic test identifies the presence of inflammation
What is C-Reactive Protein?
Antimicrobial chemicals that can be used on humans are called
This is the emergency treatment for anaphylaxis
What is epinephrine?
The process in which various blood cells develop from a single stem cell
What is hematopoiesis?
A common problem in older men that causes some degree of obstruction of the urethra
A stress syndrome that is a serious consequence of a major catastrophe is called
What is Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration is called...
What is diffusion?
Normal serum ph range is...
What is 7.35-7.45?
Aspirin, NSAIDs and Corticosteroids are all used for the treatment of this
What is inflammation?
When infections occur consistently in one area it is called this
Systemic autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems, but is characterized by a facial rash
What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?
An incompatible blood transfusion reaction would result in this
Lysis of erythrocytes
The period of life from old age to death
What is Senescence?
The three stages of the stress response are called
What is alarm, resistance and exhaustion?
Programmed cell death is known as
Decrease in serum ph results in this
What is acidosis?
This type of healing occurs when the cells of the damaged tissue are capable of mitosis
What is regeneration?
This type of infection occurs in healthcare facilities
What is Nosocomial?
Chronic infectious disease that destroys T lymphocytes, causing loss of immune response
What is AIDS?
The hormone that stimulates red blood cell production in the red bone marrow
What is erythropoietin?
This hormone level peaks in males during teenage years and begins to decrease at age 30
What is Testosterone?
This fight or flight hormone made in the adrenal gland, can actually reduce tissue regeneration and impact healing
What is Cortisol?
A recommendation for moderate exercise is made to a patient with mild heart disease. This is an example of
Low sodium levels, excess water in cells, muscle weakness, and headache are signs and symptoms of this
What is hyponatremia?
When this occurs, a cascade of responses releases histamine, serotonin and hormones
A disease causing pathogen that is known to mutate during replication
What is a virus?
An ABO blood incompatibility resulting in cell lysis and phagocytosis is what type of hypersensitivity?
What is type II?
This medication can stimulate production of erythropoiten and increase red blood cell production
What is Procrit?
Aging patients are more likely to develop type II diabetes despite normal hormone secretion because of this factor
What is a decrease in hormone receptor sites?
Alarm, resistance and exhaustion are the three stages of this response
What is the stress response?
You refer your patient to a support group when she is diagnosed with end stage metastatic breast cancer. This is an example of what type of prevention..
What is tertiary?
Acid, base, respiratory system and kidneys maintain ph levels and are considered this
What is the buffer system?
Heat, swelling, pain and redness are referred to as this
What are the Cardinal signs of inflammation?
This type of transmission occurs when respiratory or salivary pathogen containing secretions are expelled from the body
What is droplet?
This type of immune response is mediated in the thymus and results in T cell production
What is cell mediated immunity?
This blood vessel transports blood away from the heart and into the lungs and body tissues
What is an artery?
Many pathologies of the cardiovascular system are associated with this change that occurs with aging
What is degeneration of the arteries?
The stress response increases the release of these hormones that act as pain blocking agents
What are endorphins?
Clinical evidence of disease is referred to as what?
What are manifestations?
This hormone conserves fluid when there is a fluid deficit in the body
What is aldosterone?
A short term treatment of inflammation with multiple potential side effects
What is glucocorticoid treatment?
You are attacked by mosquitos and infected with malaria. What type of transmission is this?
What is vector borne?
A newborn has received antibodies from the placenta for the first few months of life. This is what type of immunity?
What is passive natural immunity?
A pathologic condition that refers to a disorder of the blood
What is dyscrasia?
Accumulation of cholesterol in the walls of the large arteries is known as
What is artherosclerosis?
When the body's systems become disrupted from extremely severe or prolonged stress, this inappropriate behavior can occur
What is maladaptive?