Chapter 2
This is an increase in the number of cells.
What is hyperplasia?
These are the four cardinal signs of inflammation.
What are calor, rubor, tumor, and dolor?
This type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by immune complexes and is IgG and IgM antibodies.
What is Type III hypersensitivity?
T/F: A thrombus will only embolize or grow larger (propagate).
What is false?
These cells proliferate and upregulate ECM protein production when stimulated by various factors which contribute to formation of an atherosclerotic plaque.
What are vascular smooth muscle cells?
This is programmed cell death that results from damage such as radiation.
What is apoptosis?
These are lipids that promote vasodilation and can be treated with inhibitors such as NSAIDs.
What are prostaglandins?
A graft between members of the same species is known as this.
What is an allograft?
This type of embolus leads to sudden death due to right-sided heart failure.
What is saddle embolus?
T/F: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory response of the arterial wall to endothelial injury.
What is true?
This type of necrosis forms a cheese-like appearance with distinct borders and is common upon lung tissue infected with tuberculosis.
What is caseous necrosis?
A 12-year-old with a peanut allergy accidentally consumes a dish made with peanut butter. Mast cell degranulation initiates symptoms of redness and inflammation, as well as this skin disorder.
What is urticaria?
This can result from malnutrition, aging and medications, especially immunosuppressive drugs used to treat primary immunodeficiencies.
What is a secondary immunodeficiency?
The most common hereditary cause of serious bleeding is Hemophilia A which is characterized by a deficiency in _________.
What is factor VIII?
A diagnosis resulting from the presentation of cyanosis and paroxysmal pallor in the extremities that is triggered by cold temperatures is ___.
What is Reynaud phenomenon?
This is any self-regulating process by which biological systems tend to maintain stability while adjusting to conditions optimal for survival.
What is homeostasis?
This type of skin cancer forms a smooth, dull, red, dome-shaped nodule with ulcerated center.
What is squamous cell carcinoma?
What is AIDs?
This type of shock results primarily from microbial infections and is treated with antibiotics, fluids, and vasopressors.
What is septic shock?
T/F: A thrombus will only embolize or grow larger (propagate).
What is false?
This skin condition caused by a bacterial infection of the skin, primarily in pediatric patients that produces a "honey crusted" appearance.
What is impetigo?
Iron deficiency anemia can lead to neurological symptoms, primarily when the patient is deficient in this essential vitamin that is required for DNA synthesis.
What is B12?