the basics
a field of science that studies health problems within populations
what is epidemiology
a person in a population who has been identified as having a particular disease , disorder, injury , or condition
what is a case?
direct and indirect transmission
what are the two modes of disease transmission?
primary , secondary and tertiary prevention
what are the 3 types of prevention ?
an inanimate object such as a piece of clothing
what is a fomite?
a specific event , condition , or characteristic that precedes the health outcome and it necessary for its occurence
it ensures that cases are consistently diagnosed regardless of where or when they were identified and who diagnosed the case
what is case definition?
uninterrupted and immediate transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another
what is direct transmission?
preventing a disease or disorder before it happens
what is primary prevention?
an invertebrate animal that transmits infection by conveying the infectious agent from one host to another
what is a vector?
a behavior, environmental exposure or inherent human characteristic that increases the chance of developing an adverse health outcome
what is "risk factor"?
the first disease case in the population
what is primary case?
occurs when an agent is transferred or carried by some intermediate item, organism , means or process to a host resulting in disease
what is indirect transmission?
behavior change such as stop smoking and reducing dietary fat intake
what does active primary prevention require?
the habitat in or on which an infectious agent lives, grows and multiplies and on which it depends for its survival in nature
what is a reservoir?
refers to the ability of a program to produce benefits among those who are offered the program
what is effectiveness?
individual who has all the signs and symptoms of a disease or condition but has not been diagnosed
what is a suspect case?
occurs when an arthropod conveys the infectious agent
what is vector-borne transmission?
aimed at the health screening and detection activities used to identify disease
what is secondary prevention?
it contains , spreads or harbors an infectious organism
what is a carrier?
refers to the ability of a program to produce a desired effect among those who participate in the program
what is efficacy?
found by looking at several variables that are effective measures
what is case severity?
what is biological transmission?
any attempt to restore an afflicted person to a useful, productive and satisfying lifestyle
an infectious organism in vertebrate animals that can be transmitted to humans through direct contact , a fomite or vector
what is zoonosis?