Search Methods
Polygraph
Crime Scene
Finger Prints
Trace Evidence
Miscellaneous
Blood
Hair and Digital Media
Time of Death
100
The search method that doesn't have a formal geometric pattern or is easily definable
Link Method
100
Sometimes used in forensic cases to help determine the truthfulness of someone who may be connected to a possible crime.
Polygraph/Lie Detector Test
100
The name of someone that has just died
Decedent
100
A print left on a surface by the oils on one's skin, and such a print is not usually visible to the naked eye.
Latent Finger prints
100
The component of hair that gives it color. (cortex, medulla, or cuticle)
Cortex
100
The point in time when a person ceases to exist
Time of Death
100
The total number of blood type possibilities for humans
8
(A+, A-, B+, B-, O+, O-, AB+, AB-)
100
The outer most part of a hair
Cuticle
100
The equation for Time of Death
98.4-liver temp. divided by 1.5
200
Used on large, outdoor crime scenes. Searchers follow the first line pattern and search in the same manner as the line method. Once the first line pattern is complete, searchers realign on the other line pattern.
Grid Method
200
The physiological data that is measured while conducting a polygraph
Blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and skin conductivity
200
The name of the decedent in PLTW who has just died
Anna Garcia
200
Tiny fragments of physical evidence, such as hairs, fibers from clothing or carpeting, and pieces of glass.
Trace evidence
200
The place where an offense has been committed
Crime Scene
200
The blood type associated with agglutination in both the Anti-A serum and the Anti-B serum
AB
200
The part of the hair that is responsible for its color
Cortex
200
The condition after death where muscles stiffen caused by chemical changes in the body postmortem
Rigor Mortis
300
Used on large, outdoor crime scenes. Members of the search team are arranged at regular intervals, usually arm’s length, and then proceed to search along straight lines.
Line (or strip) Method
300
The type of questioning used at the beginning of an interrogation
Baseline (irrelevant) questioning: used as a starting point for comparison of physiologic behaviors of the person of interest
300
Signs, items, or material that supports, or corroborates a crime
Evidence
300
Finger print pattern that slopes up and down resembling a mountain
Arch
300
A type of evidence found on electronic devices that store data, such as computers, smartphones, or tablets
Digital Evidence
300
The reason why investigators draw a sketch of the crime scene to scale
It depicts the overall layout of a location and the relationship to evidence. Measurements need to be specific enough that they could recreate the scene, either digitally or in real life, for investigative purposes.
300
The blood type associated with agglutination in neither the Anti-A serum or Anti-B serum
O
300
The name of the muscle that makes it feel that it is "sticking straight up" or "standing on end"
Arrector pili
300
Condition of the body postmortem where blood pools on the dependent parts of the body due to gravity
Livor mortis
400
Used on crime scenes that are comprised of readily definable zones, such as in houses or buildings.
Zone Method
400
The types of questions a polygraph uses
Straightforward yes/no questions
400
Someone who law enforcement thinks may have information related to a possible crime.
Person of Interest
400
Finger print pattern where ridges curve to form a circular shape
Whorl pattern
400
Fingerprint patterns can change over time
(T/F)
False. Patterns don't change. Minutiae can.
400
The importance of knowing the crime scene ambient temperature.
To calculate time of death. Really hot and cold temperatures can affect decomposition rates.
400
The blood type that is the universal donor
O-
400
The name of the gland that secretes oil which strengthens hair and helps provide a protective layer
Sebaceous Gland
400
The condition of the body when the temperature cools postmortem
Algor mortis
500
Used on crime scenes with no physical barriers, such as open water. Can either begin at critical point of crime scene (outward spiral) or the outer-edge of the crime scene (inward spiral).
Spiral Method
500
The reason why polygraphs are not admissible in court
Not always accurate, some people can manipulate their responses
500
Branch of science that analyzes evidence for investigative purposes regarding criminal and civil matters.
Forensic Science
500
The amount of minutiae you need in common to be considered a match
12
500
The act of tainting, polluting, or defiling evidence
Contaminating
500
The person that conducts the autopsy of a deceased person
Medical examiner (Pathologist)
500
The blood type that is the universal recipient
AB+
500
The inner most part of a hair shaft. Can be absent with some hair types
Medulla
500
Term used to describe why someone died. Examples include homicide, suicide, accidental, natural causes. (most vague)
Manner of death
600
Search method used on small circular crime scenes
Wheel or ray method
600
The name of the measurements—specifically pulse rate, temperature, respiration rate, and blood pressure—that indicate the state of a patient’s essential body functions.
Vital signs
600
The importance of finding certain insects on a dead body or its eggs
Helps create or corroborate a timeline (time of death)
600
Fingerprints that are visible and left on smooth surfaces when blood, ink or other liquids come into contact with the hand and are transferred to a smooth surface.
Patent fingerprints
600
Blood test that reacts with hemoglobin and turns a violet color. Usually used on porous surfaces, such as a large stain on a carpet
LCV- Leucocrystal Violet
600
A function of white blood cells
White blood cells are part of the body's immune system. They help the body fight infection and other diseases.
600
The component of blood that helps with clotting
Thrombocytes or Platelets
600
The information about a particular person that exists on the internet as a result of their online activity
Digital footprint
600
Term used to describe what physiologically caused their death. (most specific)
Mechanism of Death
700
The professionals that examine the location, distribution, and shape of blood droplets, stains, puddles, and pools.
Blood splatter analyst
700
The name of the key on a crime scene sketch that has the date, time, location and temperature
Legend
700
Three-dimensional fingerprint impressions that can be made by pressing your fingers in fresh paint, wax, soap, or tar.
Plastic Fingerprints
700
This chemical/product glows bright blue in the dark when it comes in contact with blood.
Luminol
700
The two different types of blood identification tests
Presumptive and confirmatory testing
700
This blood type has no antibodies in the plasma
AB
700
The reason why we analyze hair at crime scenes even though it can't 100% positively ID someone
It can eliminate a person of interest
700
Term used to describe the event surrounding the death, such as gunshot wound, heart attack, fall...
Cause of death
800
Locard’s Exchange Principle
A theory that states that every time you make contact with another person, place, or thing, it results in an exchange of physical materials. This concept is referred to as Locard’s exchange principle, which hypothesizes that it is impossible for a criminal to act without leaving traces.
800
A fingerprint pattern where ridges curve back on themselves forming a particular shape
Loop
800
The most common presumptive blood test. This test uses a compound known as phenolphthalein, which reacts with the iron carried by hemoglobin
Kastle-Meyer
800
Liquid portion of the blood
Plasma
800
The relationship between height and blood spatter diameter
The higher the distance from the surface, the larger the diameter of blood
800
An oftentimes elected official who investigates violent, sudden, or suspicious deaths.
Coroner
900
The reason the hand-written note is important in the Anna Garcia case
Possible fingerprints, and analysis of the handwriting
900
Name two common minutiae
Ridge ending, fork, short ridge, dot, bridge, hook, eye, delta...
900
Anything that stimulates an immune response.
Antigen
900
This blood type has no antigens in the RBCs
O
900
Another name for white blood cells
Leukocytes
900
A physician, usually certified in forensic pathology, who is appointed to their position and performs autopsies.
Medical Examiner
1000
The reason for wearing PPE at a crime scene
To protect yourself from bodily fluids, and to prevent contamination of the crime scene
1000
A protein produced by B cells in the blood; works to impair pathogens. Also called an immunoglobulin.
Antibody
1000
In an experiment, the group that the researcher expects to have a positive result, to show that the experimental setup was capable of producing results.
Positive Control
1000
The protein in red blood cells that carry oxygen through the body
Hemoglobin