Energy Transformations
When you stretch a rubber band, what type of energy is stored?
Elastic potential energy.
Which type of wave requires a medium to travel?
Sound wave.
What causes seasons on Earth?
Earth’s axial tilt.
Which moon phases cause the highest tides?
Full moon and new moon.
List Earth’s layers from center to surface.
Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust.
When you release the rubber band, what type of energy does it change into?
Kinetic energy.
Do light waves need a medium to travel?
No, light waves can travel through space.
When the Northern Hemisphere tilts toward the Sun, what season does it experience?
Summer.
What are the highest high tides called?
Spring tides.
Is the inner core solid or liquid?
Solid.
What two forms of energy are produced when a lamp is turned on?
Light energy and thermal (heat) energy.
In a longitudinal wave, do particles move parallel or perpendicular to the wave direction?
Parallel.
When it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, what season is it in the Southern Hemisphere?
Winter.
What alignment occurs during a spring tide?
Sun, Earth, and Moon are in a straight line.
Which Earth sphere includes oceans and rivers?
Hydrosphere.
Why doesn’t energy disappear when something slows down?
Energy changes form (often into thermal energy), but it is not destroyed.
What happens to a wave’s energy when amplitude increases?
Energy increases.
Would seasons change if Earth’s tilt changed? Why?
Yes. Changing the tilt would change how much sunlight each hemisphere receives.
What are lower high tides called?
Neap tides.
How does sedimentary rock form?
From compaction and cementation of sediments.
During photosynthesis, what form of energy from the Sun becomes stored in plants?
Chemical energy.
Name one characteristic that both sound waves and light waves share.
Both have measurable properties like frequency and amplitude.
If Earth had no tilt, what would happen to seasons?
There would be little or no seasonal change.
Why are neap tides weaker than spring tides?
The Sun and Moon pull at right angles, so their forces partially cancel.
What causes a rock to become metamorphic?
Heat and pressure (without melting).