Cell Types
First cell to respond, is the most abundant.
Type of phagocyte-eat the cell.
What is Neutrophils?
Physical Barriers.
What is skin, mucous membranes and cilia?
Non-specific, immediate first line of defense, attacks everything.
What is Innate Immunity?
Antibodies transferred from mother to fetus through the placenta.
What is Natural-Passive?
They assist other immune cells by releasing cytokines and activating B cells and cytotoxic T cells.
Cellular Type #1
What are helper T cells?
Fight parasites, bacteria, allergens, fungi.
What is Eosinophils?
Chemical Barriers.
What is stomach acid, enzymes, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)?
Specific, slower response, has 2 types; natural and artificial.
What is Adaptive Immunity?
Antibodies created in response to infection exposure.
What is Natural-Active?
They directly kill infected or cancerous cells.
Cellular Type #2
What are Cytotoxic T cells?
Least common, used in allergic reactions.
What is Basophils?
Located within tears, saliva (e.g., lysozymes).
Break down bacterial cell walls.
What is Enzymes?
Uses B and T cell Lymphocytes.
What is Adaptive Immunity?
Antibodies administered by another person.
These cells produce antibodies specific to antigens, neutralizing pathogens or marking them for destruction by other immune cells.
Humoral
What are B cells?
Located in mucous membranes, contain histamine, associated with allergic reactions.
Links innate and adaptive immunity systems.
What is Mast Cells?
Produced by skin and mucous membranes, these peptides directly kill pathogens.
What is Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs)?
Uses Macrophages and Granulocytes.
What is Innate Immunity?
Antibodies created in response to vaccines.
What is Artificial-Active?
Molecules released by stressed or damaged cells that trigger an immune response.
Originate from the host and signal tissue injury or cellular stress.
What is DAMPs?
Kill tumor and virus infected cells.
Detect MHC proteins and kills cells that don't have it.
What is Natural Killer cells?
Beneficial microorganisms on the skin and in the gut compete with pathogens for resources and space, preventing their colonization.
What is Normal Flora?
Molecular structures found on pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
What are PAMPs?