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Indian Act
Residential Schools
Treaties
100
What was the purpose of the Indian Act?
To control the lives of First Nations people and encourage them to assimilate into mainstream Canadian society by giving up all status and traditional rights.
100
When did the last residential school close?
1990's
100
These treaties did not ask the Indigenous people to surrender any land but rather were agreements to share the land peacefully.
What are "Peace and Friendship" treaties.
200
What was one way that someone could lose their status?
1. Joining the military. 2. Obtaining a university degree. 3. Becoming a member of clergy.
200
Who paid for these schools and who ran them?
The Federal Government paid for them and the Churches ran them
200
From the government of Canada's perspective, what was the main goal of the Numbered Treaties?
Freeing up western land for European immigration.
300
What was one of the many tasks that Indian Agents took responsibility for?
- Manage reserves and enforce the Indian Act provisions - arrest individuals and hand down sentences - Give written permission for Indigenous people to produce or sell goods - Sign off on passes that allowed Indigenous people to leave the reserves.
300
Why were children not allowed to live at home, and forced to live at residential schools?
The government wanted to separate them from their parents, which would completely separate them from their home culture and language.
300
How many numbered treaties were there?
11
400
Who had the power to classify an individual as being "Status" or "Non-status?"
The Federal Government
400
Early on in the residential school system, which two issues arose and contributed to the unsafe and unsanitary environment in these schools?
They were underfunded and overpopulated
400
How many First Nations signed treaty 1?
7
500
In which year was there a widespread repeal of the Indian Act?
1951
500
What were some of the experiences of children at these schools? (name as many as you can)
- They were taken away from their family homes and forced to live at the schools, and in addition to this, many were separated from their brothers and sisters within the confines of the school. - There were high death rates, unsanitary conditions and unsafe conditions where a lot of physical and sexual abuse took place. - Some people did come forward to say they had positive experiences, although the vast majority of experiences were extremely negative. - Children were forced to abandon all of their cultural traditions and languages in order to adopt European styled customs.
500
Name one of the First Nations which signed Treaty 1.
Brokenhead, Long Plain, Peguis, Roseau River, Sagkeeng, Swan Lake, Sandy Bay