Infancy
Trust v. mistrust, confidence that needs will be met, quality of care giving is pivotal;learning delayed gratification is essential to developing sense of trust, tactile stimulation important.
What is Erickson's theory of psychosocial development?
According to Erikson, autonomy v. shame and doubt is the major developmental task of toddlers. This characteristic of toddler behavior demonstrates increasing assertion of autonomy.
What is negativism?
Underweight=<5th percentile, normal=5th to 84th percentile, overweight= 85th to 94th
percentile, obese=>95th percentile.
What are levels of Body Mass Index?
The adolescent requires about nine hours of sleep, but may not get this due to increased social activity, stress of schoolwork or this other issue that often occurs in adolescence.
What is a change in circadian rhythm?
Basic principles include: Do no harm, prevent or minimize separation from family, promote a sense of
control, prevent or minimize pain.
What is atraumatic care?
This is a physiologic process, can include pain, signs – drooling, increased finger sucking, biting hard objects,
irritability, cold is soothing (do not freeze plastic rings as they can break).
What is teething?
Toddlers play alongside, not with, other children.
What is parallel play?
Moral Development is characterised by preconventional thinking, activity is good or bad depending on whether it results inpunishment.
What is Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
This is an eating disorder that presents with a distorted body image, fear of gaining weight, excessive dieting, exercise, laxative use, and in girls amenorrhea.
What is anorexia nervosa?
This is the percentage of death in a specific population over a specific period of time, this is the existence of any form of disease or the degree to which the conditionaffects the patient.
What are mortality and morbidity?
Systemic: Anaphylaxis, growth failure, GI: Abdominal pain, vomiting, cramping, diarrhea, Respiratory: Cough, wheezing, rhinitis, infiltrates, Cutaneous: Urticaria, rash, atopic dermatitis.
What are signs of food allergies?
This can result from the child being pushed too hard or too fast. It is a normal part of toilet training and does not mean failure but should be viewed as a temporary setback to a more comfortable place for the child.
What is regression?
Frustration, or the continual thwarting of self-satisfaction by disapproval, humiliation, punishment, or insults, can lead children to act out against others as a means of release. Especially if they fear their parents, these children will displace their anger on others, particularly peers and other authority figures.
What is aggressive behavior?
This is an absolute contraindication to the use of isotretinoin for the management of acne.
What is pregnancy?
An initiative of American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) to improve pediatric care, and provide technical assistance to health care professionals, state agencies, and families.
What is Bright Futures?
Infants progress from reflexive behaviors to simple repetitive acts; learn to separate themselves from the environment and recognize that others control the environment, learn object permanence, learn to use symbols.
What is the sensorimotor stage of development in Piaget's theory?
These behaviors are an indication of the child’s inability to control emotions; toddlers are particularly prone to tantrums because their strong drive for mastery and autonomy is frustrated by adult figures or lack of motor and cognitive skills.
What are tantrums?
This pain scale is appopriate for use with older school aged children who can understand the relationships of numbers.
What is the numerical rating scale?
It is a priority intervention in the management of depression and mood disorders exerienced by adolescents.
What is assessment of suicidal ideation and development of safety plans?
The concept that families develop and change over time, they are not static.
What is Developmental Family theory?
Sudden death of an infant under one year that remains
unexplained by autopsy and complete investigation; third leading cause of infant death; risk factors –
maternal smoking, prone sleeping, co-sleeping, soft bedding; protective factors – breastfeeding,
pacifier use.
What is SIDS?
This characteristic causes toddlers to attribute human behaviors to inanimate objects.
What is animism?
The child has multiple physical complaints, skips school or refuses to go to school, may have poor self-esteem.
What are signs of bullying?
This is a major health issue and cause of injury and death for children of all ages but especially of adolescents.
What are accidents?
The increase in the number and size of cells, results in increased weight and length. The gradual emergence and growth of capabilities.
What is growth and development?