Med Math
What is the standard maintenance fluid formula for pediatric patients
The 4-2-1 rule
What type of IV fluid is recommended for initial sepsis resuscitation
Isotonic fluids i.e. NS or LR
What does ABC stand for in pediatric emergency care
Airway, Breathing, Circulation
A toddler is struggling with this Erikson stage
Autonomy vs Shame and doubt
What is the first-line rescue medication for an acute asthma attack
Albuterol
The safe range for a drug is 5-10 mg/kg/dose q12h. If a 20 kg child is prescribed 150 mg per dose, is this within range
Yes
100-200 mg per dose is safe
What lab value may indicate organ dysfunction in sepsis
Elevated lactate levels (>2 mmol/L)
A child presents with stridor and drooling, and is seated in a tripod position. What is the likely diagnosis
Epiglottitis
At what stage of Erikson's do peer relationships become a major influence on self-identity
Identity vs Role Confusion (12-18 years)
At what ages is the MMR vaccine typically administered to children
The first dose at 12-15 months and the second dose at 4-6 years
Calculate the hourly IV fluid rate for a child weighing 40 pounds using the 4-2-1 rule
56 mL/hr
What invasive medical devices increase the risk of sepsis
Central lines, urinary catheters, endotracheal tubes
What is the weight-based dosing for epinephrine in a pediatric code
0.01 mg/kg (IV/IO) every 3-5 minutes
What are the four stages of Piaget's cognitive development
Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational
What medication is used to reduce sickling, increase hemoglobin, and decrease sickle cell crises
Hydroxyurea
A 25 kg child is ordered a medication at 2 mg/kg/dose q6h. The available solution is 10 mg/mL. How many mL per dose
5 mL
What are the most common pathogens responsible for neonatal sepsis
Group B Streptococcus, E. coli, Herpes simplex virus, and Listeria monocytogenes
What is the shock energy dose for defibrillation in a pediatric cardiac arrest
2J/kg for the first shock, 4J/kg for subsequent shocks
A nurse plays peek-a-boo with an infant. What Piaget concept is being reinforced
Object Permanence
What bedside tests assess for meningeal irritation, and what determines a positive result
Kernig: Resistance and pain when extending the knee while the hip is flexed at 90 degrees (Kan't straighten leg)
Brudzinski: Involuntary knee and hip flexion when the neck is flexed (knees Bend)
A doctor orders Amoxicillin 30 mg/kg/day divided q8h for a 15 kg child. What is the dose per administration
150 mg per dose
450 mg/day รท 3 doses
What are risk factors that increase the likelihood of a neonate developing a fever due to infection
Premature birth, prolonged rupture of membranes, maternal infection, and NICU stays
What does Cushing's Triad consist of
Bradycardia, Hypertension, Irregular breathing
A school-age child who believes "good behavior earns approval" is in this Kohlberg stage
Conventional morality
A child with sickle cell disease has swollen hands and feet. What is this called
Dactylitis