Cardiac
This defect causes a fixed split S2 and is often found after recurrent respiratory infections.
What is ASD?
Rationale: Atrial Septal Defect classically presents with a fixed split S2 due to delayed pulmonic valve closure.
Slurred speech in a child with diabetes suggests this complication.
What is hypoglycemia?
Rationale: Neuroglycopenia causes slurred speech and altered behavior.
Most sensitive indicator of fluid retention in nephrotic syndrome.
What is daily weight?
Rationale: Daily weights detect subtle fluid changes.
Priority action for hemophilia A with a swollen knee after a fall.
What is administer factor VIII?
Rationale: Replace clotting factor before other measures.
Who do you see first: child with sore throat or infant with retractions?
Who is the infant with retractions?
Rationale: Airway and breathing always take priority.
A child with Tetralogy of Fallot develops a Tet spell while playing. First nursing action?
What is place the child in a knee-chest (tri-pod) position?
Rationale: The knee-chest position increases SVR and decreases right-to-left shunting.
Fruity breath, Kussmaul respirations, and pH 7.28 indicate this emergency.
What is DKA?
Rationale: DKA causes metabolic acidosis and compensatory respirations.
Finding in glomerulonephritis requiring immediate intervention.
What is Severe Hypertension?
Rationale: Severe hypertension can lead to encephalopathy or stroke.
Medication anticipated during AML induction to prevent tumor lysis complications.
What is allopurinol?
Rationale: Allopurinol reduces uric acid production.
2-month-old HR 190, RR 70, poor feeding. Priority level?
What is assess immediately?
Rationale: Possible sepsis or respiratory compromise.
Weak femoral pulses and cool lower extremities suggest this congenital defect.
What is coarctation of the aorta?
Rationale: Narrowing of the aorta reduces perfusion distal to the defect.
Priority treatment for an unconscious child with type 1 diabetes.
What is IM glucagon?
Rationale: Glucagon rapidly raises blood glucose when oral intake is impossible.
A child with Wilms tumor should NEVER have this done.
What is abdominal palpation?
Rationale: Palpation may rupture the encapsulated tumor.
Priority intervention for ITP with low platelets of 20,000.
Priority intervention for ITP with low platelets of 20,000.
Rationale: Low platelets increase bleeding risk.
Who will you prioritize first:
A) Tracheostomy patient with increased work of breathing.
B) Kid with asthma due for his inhaler
C) Patient with a fever waiting for meds
D) Post-Op Appendectomy in pain.
Who is the tracheostomy patient?
Rationale: Airway threats are highest priority.
One hour after femoral cardiac catheterization, the priority assessment is this.
What is checking distal pulses?
Rationale: Distal pulse checks identify bleeding or impaired circulation.
Food that must be avoided in PKU.
What is milk?
Rationale: Milk contains high levels of phenylalanine.
Absent cremasteric reflex suggests this surgical emergency.
What is testicular torsion?
Rationale: Absent cremasteric reflex is a hallmark finding.
Diagnostic test used to confirm leukemia.
What is bone marrow aspiration?
Rationale: Blast cell evaluation confirms diagnosis.
During sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis, first intervention.
What is administer IV morphine?
Rationale: Pain control is the immediate priority.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
Day-3 neonate with poor feeding, weak femoral pulses, and differential BPs. Initial treatment?
What is prostaglandin E1 infusion?
Rationale: PGE1 maintains ductal patency and systemic perfusion.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Parent says, 'I'll give somatropin before school.' Your response?
What is further teaching is needed?
Rationale: Somatropin should be given at bedtime to mimic natural GH secretion.
Complications of untreated UTI (name one).
What is pyelonephritis, sepsis, or kidney scarring?
Rationale: Ascending infection can damage kidneys and cause systemic illness.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Hemophilia patient bumps head with no bruising.
Priority?
What is assess immediately for intracranial hemorrhage?
Rationale: Head injury can cause life-threatening bleeding.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Respiratory distress signs in infants include what? (Name 3)
What are nasal flaring, retractions, or tachypnea?
Rationale: These findings indicate increased work of breathing.