Pediatric Oxygenation & Infection Basics

Infectious disease basics

100

Two main types of immunity present in infants

Cellular and humoral immunity

200

The stage of infection where nonspecific symptoms, such as malaise, appear.

Prodromal stage

300

List the three transmission-based precautions.

Airborne, droplet, and contact

400

This is the most effective method of preventing infectious disease spread.

Handwashing

500

Infants are more susceptible to infection because they lose this type of protection from their mothers.

Passive maternal antibodies

Fevers & Labs

100

The typical dosing for Tylenol (mg/kg).

15 mg/kg

200

Daily Double

This lab test measures inflammation by the rate at which RBCs settle.

300

This lab test identifies specific bacteria in the blood. 

Blood culture and sensitivity

400

This physiologic process raises the body's set temperature during infection.

Pyrogens acting on the hypothalamus to produce prostaglandins

500

These two antipyretics are safe for children.

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) and Ibuprofen (Advil)

Respiratory Assessment

100

In the TICLS assessment tool, the "C" stands for this.

Consolability

200

Name two abnormal work of breathing signs.

Retractions, nasal flaring, grunting, head bobbing

300

Cyanosis indicates this about oxygenation.

Poor oxygenation/hypoxemia

400

This adventitious sound is caused by fluid in alveoli.

Crackles (rales)

500

In the Pediatric Assessment Triangle, theses three areas are assessed from "across the room."

Appearance, Work of Breathing, Circulation to Skin

Bacterial Baddies

100

This bacterium causes pertussis.

Bordetella pertussis

200

This infection presents with a "sandpaper" rash and strawberry tongue. 

Scarlet fever

300

This is what MRSA stands for.

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

400

This infection is caused by Clostridium tetani.

Tetanus

500

This bacterial illness can lead to septic shock if untreated.

Sepsis

Nursing Interventions

100

This position helps ease breathing in a dyspneic child.

Semi- or high Fowler’s position

200

This is the first step before giving oxygen to a congested infant.

Suction the nares

300

Name two comfort measures for a child with a rash.

Cool compress, antipruritic, keep nails short

400

The nurse’s priority when a child has SpO₂ of 88%.

Administer oxygen per order

500

Education that should be given to families about antibiotic use.

Complete the full course and don’t share medications