Asthma
The preferred initial anti-inflammatory for patients with persistent asthma is
What is inhaled corticosteroids?
What is the most common gene defect in patients with CF?
What is F508del?
The gold-standard test to diagnose pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.
What is a polysomnogram (AKA "sleep study")?
A patient complaining of episodic, acute-onset, difficulty with inspiration during athletic events most likely has this pathology.
What is vocal cord dysfunction?
This describes the "stretchiness" of the respiratory system, calculated as change in volume for given change in pressure
What is compliance?
This is the characteristic finding on the flow-volume curve of a patient with asthma with an obstructive defect.
What is concavity or "scooping" (of the descending limb of the expiratory loop)?
The first inhaled medication to address the basic defect in cystic fibrosis is also one of the least expensive
What is hypertonic saline?
This diagnostic test is used to diagnose narcolepsy.
What is MSLT (multiple sleep latency test)?
Severe, untreated scoliosis is often associated with this type of lung disease.
What is restrictive lung disease?
This is the primary muscle of inspiration.
What is the diaphragm?
On spirometry, "bronchodilator responsiveness" is defined as
What is an increase in FVC or FEV1 of 12% predicted or 200 mL?
Neonates with cystic fibrosis may present with this type of bowel obstruction
What is meconium ileus?
The first-line treatment for most cases of mild pediatric obstructive sleep apnea is this.
What is T&A?
Patients with untreated pancreatic insufficiency are at increased risk of these vitamin deficiencies.
What are fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K)?
This is the acid-base abnormality typically seen in acute, severe status asthmaticus.
What is uncompensated respiratory acidosis?
This biologic medication is a monoclonal anti-IgE antibody used for severe allergic asthma.
What is omalizumab (AKA Xolair)?
CF was first described in 1938 by this NY pathologist
Who is Dorothy Anderson
Restless leg syndrome is associated with this deficiency?
What is iron deficiency?
In patients with severe BPD, it is important to get an echocardiogram to screen for this sometimes-associated abnormality.
What is pulmonary hypertension?
These are the 5 causes of hypoxemia.
What are diffusion impairment, V/Q mismatch, hypoventilation, shunt, and low inspired PO2?
This asthma medication can cause tachycardia, diastolic hypotension, and peripheral vasodilation.
What is albuterol (a beta-agonist)?
The highest normal sweat chloride value is this.
What is 29 (and then 30-59 = indeterminate; 60 or higher = consistent with Cystic Fibrosis)?
What non-pulmonary condition is associated with Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome?
What is Hirschprungs Disease?
These are the two standard ways to confirm a clinical diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia.
What are 1) genetic testing OR 2) ultrastructural analysis of cilia?
Name the 4 factors that cause oxygen to bind LESS avidly to Hb (e.g. that increase O2 delivery to tissue).
What are 1) increased temperature, 2) increased H+ concentration, 3) increased PCO2, and 4) increased DPG?