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The parent of an infant with cystic fibrosis (CF) asks the nurse how to meet the child's increased nutritional needs. Which is the nurse's best suggestion?
1. "You may need to increase the number of fresh fruits and vegetables you give your child."
2. "You may need to advance your child's diet to whole cow's milk because it is higher in fat than formula."
3. "You may need to change your child to a higher-calorie formula."
4. "You may need to increase your child's carbohydrate intake."
3. "You may need to change your child to a higher-calorie formula."
What is the most important piece of information that the nurse must ask the parent of a child in status asthmaticus?
1. "What time did your child eat last?"
2. "Has your child been exposed to any of the usual asthma triggers?"
3. "When was your child last admitted to the hospital for asthma?"
4. "When was your child's last dose of medication?"
4. "When was your child's last dose of medication?"
Who is at the highest priority to receive the flu vaccine?
1. A healthy 8-month-old who attends day care.
2. A 3-year-old who is undergoing chemotherapy.
3. A 7-year-old who attends public school.
4. An 18-year-old who is living in a college dormitory.
1. A healthy 8-month-old who attends day care.
An infant is not sleeping well, crying frequently, has yellow drainage from the ear, and is diagnosed with an ear infection. Which nursing objective is the priority for the family?
1. Educating the parents about signs and symptoms of an ear infection.
2. Providing emotional support for the parents.
3. Providing pain relief for the child.
4. Promoting the flow of drainage from the ear.
3. Providing pain relief for the child.
A 7-month-old has a low-grade fever, nasal congestion, and a mild cough. What should the nursing care management of this child include?
1. Maintaining strict bedrest.
2. Avoiding contact with family members.
3. Instilling saline nose drops and bulb suctioning.
4. Keeping the head of the bed flat.
3. Instilling saline nose drops and bulb suctioning.
Which statement by the parent of a child using an albuterol inhaler leads the nurse to believe that further education is needed on how to administer the medication?
1. "I should administer two quick puffs of the albuterol inhaler using a spacer."
2. "I should always use a spacer when administering the albuterol inhaler."
3. "I should be sure that my child is in an upright position when administering the inhaler."
4. "I should always shake the inhaler before administering a dose."
1. "I should administer two quick puffs of the albuterol inhaler using a spacer."
The parent of a child with influenza asks the nurse when the child is most infectious. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "Twenty-four hours before and after the onset of symptoms."
2. "Twenty-four hours after the onset of symptoms."
3. "One week after the onset of symptoms."
4. "One week before the onset of symptoms."
1. "Twenty-four hours before and after the onset of symptoms."
Which child is at highest risk for requiring hospitalization to treat respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
1. A 2-month-old who was born at 32 weeks.
2. A 16-month-old with a tracheostomy.
3. A 3-year-old with a congenital heart defect.
4. A 4-year-old who was born at 30 weeks.
1. A 2-month-old who was born at 32 weeks.
A child's parent asks the nurse what treatment the child will need for the diagnosis of strep throat. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "Your child will be sent home on bedrest and should recover in a few days without any intervention."
2. "Your child will need to have the tonsils removed to prevent future strep infections."
3. "Your child will need oral penicillin for 10 days and should feel better in a few days."
4. "Your child will need to be admitted to the hospital for 5 days of intravenous antibiotics."
3. "Your child will need oral penicillin for 10 days and should feel better in a few days."
Which should the nurse administer to provide quick relief to a child with asthma who is coughing, wheezing, and having difficulty catching her breath?
1. Prednisone.
2. Singulair (montelukast).
3. Albuterol.
4. Flovent (fluticasone).
3. Albuterol.
A 6-week-old is admitted to the hospital with influenza. The child is crying, and the father tells the nurse that his son is hungry. The nurse explains that the baby is not to have anything by mouth. The parent does not understand why the child cannot eat. Which is the nurse's best response to the parent?
1. "We are giving your child intravenous fluids, so there is no need for anything by mouth."
2. "The shorter and narrower airway of infants increases their chances of aspiration so your child should not have anything to eat now."
3. "When your child eats, he burns too many calories; we want to conserve the child's energy."
4. "Your child has too much nasal congestion; if we feed the child by mouth, the distress will likely increase."
2. "The shorter and narrower airway of infants increases their chances of aspiration so your child should not have anything to eat now."
Which physical findings would be of most concern in an infant with respiratory distress?
1. Tachypnea.
2. Mild retractions.
3. Wheezing.
4. Grunting.
4. Grunting.
A school-age child is admitted to the hospital for a tonsillectomy. During the nurse's post-operative assessment, the child's parent tells the nurse that the child is in pain. Which of the following observations would be of most concern to the nurse?
1. The child's heart rate and blood pressure are elevated.
2. The child complains of having a sore throat.
3. The child is refusing to eat solid foods.
4. The child is swallowing excessively.
4. The child is swallowing excessively.
Which child with asthma should the nurse see first?
1. A 12-month-old who has a mild cry, is pale in color, has diminished breath sounds, and has an oxygen saturation of 93%.
2. A 5-year-old who is speaking in complete sentences, is pink in color, is wheezing bilaterally, and has an oxygen saturation of 93%.
3. A 9-year-old who is quiet, is pale in color, and is wheezing bilaterally with an oxygen saturation of 92%.
4. A 16-year-old who is speaking in short sentences, is wheezing, is sitting upright, and has an oxygen saturation of 93%.
1. A 12-month-old who has a mild cry, is pale in color, has diminished breath sounds, and has an oxygen saturation of 93%.
The parent of a child with frequent ear infections asks the nurse if there is anything that can be done to help avoid future ear infections. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. “Your child should be taking singulair daily.”
2. "Your child should be kept away from tobacco smoke."
3. "Your child should be kept away from other children with otitis media."
4. "Your child should always wear a hat when outside."
2. "Your child should be kept away from tobacco smoke."
Which child is in the greatest need of emergency medical treatment?
1. 3-year-old who has a barky cough, is afebrile, and has mild intercostal retractions.
2. 6-year-old who has high fever, no spontaneous cough, and frog-like croaking.
3. 7-year-old who has abrupt onset of moderate respiratory distress, a mild fever, anda barky cough.
4. 13-year-old who has a high fever, stridor, and purulent secretions.
2. 6-year-old who has high fever, no spontaneous cough, and frog-like croaking.
Which laboratory result will provide the most important information regarding the respiratory status of a child with an acute asthma exacerbation?
1. CBC.
2. ABG.
3. BUN.
4. PTT.
1. CBC.
Which breathing exercises should the nurse have an asthmatic 3-year-old child do to increase her expiratory phase?
1. Use an incentive spirometer.
2. Breathe into a paper bag.
3. Blow a pinwheel.
4. Take several deep breaths
3. Blow a pinwheel.
Which child would benefit most from having ear tubes placed?
1. A 2-month-old who has had one ear infection.
2. A 2-year-old who has had five previous ear infections.
3. A 3-year-old whose sibling has had four ear infections.
4. A 7-year-old who has had two ear infections this year.
2. A 2-year-old who has had five previous ear infections.
The parent of a 9-month-old calls the ER because his child is choking on a marble. The parent asks how to help his child while awaiting Emergency Medical Services. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. "You should administer five abdominal thrusts followed by five back blows."
2. "You should try to retrieve the object by inserting your finger in your child's mouth."
3. "You should perform the Heimlich maneuver."
4. "You should administer five back blows followed by five chest thrusts."
4. "You should administer five back blows followed by five chest thrusts."