Growth and development: 28-35
What is the best way for an infant's father to help his child complete the developmental task of the first year?
respond to them consistently
What signs and symptom is most common in a child that has been diagnosed with Pediculosis capitis?
Head lice (pediculosis capitis)
The most common sign and symptom of head lice infestation is severe itching. The head is the most common site of lice infestation
When teaching parents of an older infant with cystic fibrosis (CF) about the type of diet the child should consume, which diet would be appropriate?
High calorie diet
CF affects the exocrine glands, mucus is thick and tenacious sticking to the walls of the pancreatic and bile ducts and causes obstruction. The child has difficulty with digestion and absorption and needs a high calorie, high protein high carbohydrate and moderate fat diet
What symptoms indicate hyperglycemia and require immediate intervention?
weakness
thirst
dizziness
These are s/s related to dehydration caused by excretion of large amounts of glucose and water in the urine.
A 12 year old with leukemia is receiving Cytoxan. The nurse should assess for what adverse effect of:
A. Photosensitivity
B. Ataxia
C. Cystitis
D. Cardiac arrhythmias
C. Cystitis
Cystitis is a potential adverse effect of cyclophosphamide. The client should be monitored for pain on urination. Photosensitivity, ataxia, and cardiac arrhythmias are not adverse effects associated with cyclophosphamide (Alkylating antineoplastic agent) used in immunosuppressed patients
At what age would an infant stare at an object placed in their hand and take it to their mouth, coo, and sustain part of their weight when held in a standing position?
a 4 month old infant
all of these are behaviors of a 4 month old
2 month vocalizes, follows objects and smiles
7 month old is able to sit up without support, turn toward voices
9 month old can crawl, stand while holding on and initiate sounds
What is the best method for the nurse to reduce the pain of an IM injection for a child?
Request an anesthetic cream to apply before injection
To reduce pain, ask for a prescription anesthetic cream to be applied to the injection site 30 minutes before the injection.
How would the nurse administer liquid iron supplements to a 12 month old infant?
They administer iron supplements in combination with orange juice through a dropper or syringe
A nurse is teaching an 8 year old with diabetes and their parents about managing diabetes during illness. The nurse determines the parents understand when they indicate that when the child is ill, they will provide:
A. more calories
B. more insulin
C. less insulin
D. less protein and fat
B. More insulin
the child needs more insulin during an illness because the cells become more insulin resistant during illness and need more insulin to achieve a normal blood glucose level. During an acute phase simple carbohydrates and fluids are usually tolerated best.
The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant diagnosed with otitis media. Which clinical manifestation would likely have been noted in this child?
Shaking the head and pulling the ear
With acute otitis media there is fluid and/or infection in the middlle ear causing pain. The child may be very fussy, cry inconsolaby, bat the head, tug at the ear or roll the head from side to side to help reduce the pain.
To assess a 9 year old's social development, the nurse asks the parent if the child:
A. thinks independently
B. is able to organize and plan
C. has a best friend
D. enjoys active play
C. Has a best friend
Children at this age are starting to socialize with children of the same age. This is important for providing a foundation for self esteem and later relationships.
The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old girl with cystic fibrosis who receives pancreatic enzymes. Which comment by a parent demonstrates understanding of the instructions regarding the medication?
"I should give the enzymes before each meal or snack."
The enzymes are necessary for appropriate digestion and absorption of food and nutrients.
A nurse is caring for a child who has AIDS. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse implement?
A. contact
B. airborne
C. droplet
D. standard
D. Standard precautions prevent transmission of diseases that spread through blood or body fluids, such as HIV
A school-age child who has received burns over 60% of his body is to receive 2,000 ml of IV fluid over the next 8 hours. AT what rate (in milliliters per hour) should the nurse set the infusion pump?
____________ml/hour
250 ml/hr
2,000 ml / 8 hours = 250 ml/hr
What is the most serious complication if lead poisoning goes untreated for a child diagnosed with this condition?
Neurologic deficits
The most serious and irreversible complication of lead poisoning is mental retardation due to neurologic changes if left untreated
The nurse is preparing a class about male puberty. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as occurring first when sexual maturation begins?
A. pubic hair growth
B. Vocal changes
C. Testicular enlargement
D. Facial hair
C. Testicular enlargement occurs first according to EBP
A nurse is caring for a group of children. Which child would benefit from total parenteral nutrition? Name 5 conditions where TPN would be beneficial
a child with anorexia
a child with chronic diarrhea
a child with a bowel obstruction
a child with chronic vomiting
a child with inflammatory bowel disease
Which of the following would be an important assessment finding for an 8 month old infant admitted for diarrhea?
A. absent bowel sounds
B. Pale yellow urine
C. Normal skin elasticity
D. Depressed anterior fontanel
D. An infant with severe diarrhea will experience some form of dehydration. In an 8 month old the anterior fontanel will not be closed.
The nurse determines that interventions for decreasing fluid retention have been effective when the child with nephrotic syndrome demonstrates evidence of which of the following?
A. Decreased abdominal girth
B. Increased caloric intake
C. Increased respiratory rate
D. Decreased heart rate
A. Decreased abdominal girth. Fluid accumulates in the abdomen and interstitial spaced due to hydrostatic pressure changes. Increased abdominal fluid is evidenced by an increase in abdominal girth.
A child with meningitis is to receive 1,000 ml of dextrose 5% in normal saline over 12 hours. At what rate in milliliters per hour should the nurse set the pump? round your answer to the nearest whole number
___________ml/hr
83 ml/hr
1,000 ml / 12 hours - 83 ml/hr
According to Erikson school-age children are in what stage of development?
Industry vs. inferiority
A nurse is explaining to a parent about avoiding the use of aspirin for pain relief for flu-like symptoms. Which rationale does the nurse provide?
Aspirin with the flu can lead to Reye syndrome.
Children should not receive acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) for pain relief, especially in the presence of flu-like symptoms, because there is an association between aspirin administration and the development of Reye syndrome, a severe neurologic disorder.
How would the nurse instruct an adolescent with acne how to perform skin care?
Washing the face once or twice a day with a mild soap removes fatty acids from the skin. Acne is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands that produce sebum. Washing keeps the sebaceous glands from becoming plugged.
When developing a discharge plan for a school-age child diagnosed with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, which instruction should the nurse plan to discuss?
A. restricting dietary protein
B. monitoring pulse rate and rhythm
C. Preventing respiratory infections
D. restricting foods high in potassium
C. Children recovering from glomerulonephritis need to avoid exposure to all types of infections glomerulonephritis is caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus
The nurse reports to the physician signs of increased cranial pressure (ICP) in an infant with a myelomeningocele who has which of the following?
A. minimal lower extremity movement
B. A high-pitched cry
C. Overflow voiding only
D. A fontanel that bulges with crying
B. a high pitched cry is one sign of increased intracranial pressure that may indicate the presence of a Chiari malformation associated with myelomeningocele. This will require surgical intervention of a shunt placement.