Neurologic
This condition is characterized by the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, often caused by a bacterial or viral infection.
What is Meningitis?
A neural tube defect where the spine does not fully close during early fetal development.
What is spina bifida?
A genetic disorder that affects the lungs, pancreas, and other organs, leading to thick, sticky mucus production that causes respiratory and digestive problems.
What is cystic fibrosis?
What is a common early sign of increased ICP in a pediatric patient?
A child presents with vomiting, lethargy, and altered consciousness after a head injury. What condition should be suspected?
What is A Irritability or headache?
What is Increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
A child with spina bifida cystica has a visible sac on their back. What should be prioritized in nursing care?
What is Protect the sac from rupture and prevent infection, keeping the area moist and sterile until surgical closure?
What is the common cause of febrile seizures in children aged 6 months to 5 years and
What temperature is generally considered to be high enough to trigger a febrile seizure in children?
What is High fever (typically associated with viral infections like the flu or upper respiratory infections)?
What is Above 100.4°F (38°C)?
How does the healing time for fractures in children compare to adults?
What is "Children heal faster due to more active bone growth and a thicker periosteum"?
3 things should nurses educate parents about when discussing SIDS prevention?
What are; Avoid co-sleeping, ensure the baby sleeps on their back, and keep the sleep environment free of soft bedding and stuffed animals.
What is the primary diagnostic test for meningitis?
What is Lumbar puncture to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for analysis?
A child with a spiral fracture is brought into the clinic. What does this type of fracture raise suspicion for?
What is Non-accidental trauma (child abuse), as spiral fractures are often caused by twisting forces.
A child with a basilar skull fracture has clear fluid leaking from the nose. What is this likely to be, and what is the concern?
What is Cerebrospinal fluid- (CSF) rhinorrhea, which could indicate a breach in the dura and the risk of meningitis.
Uneven shoulders or hips, leaning to one side, or asymmetrical rib cage when viewed from behind are indicators of what?
What are common signs of scoliosis in a child?
Excessive swallowing, vomiting bright red blood, or unexplained agitation in the child?
What are signs of bleeding after a tonsillectomy that parents should watch for?
What is the first line of treatment for a child diagnosed with Reye’s syndrome?
What is Supportive care, including monitoring ICP, correcting hypoglycemia, and managing liver dysfunction.
It assesses Level of consciousness, including eye opening, verbal response, and motor response"?
What is the Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)?
A child with Reye's syndrome presents with altered mental status, vomiting, and hypoglycemia. What should be closely monitored?
What is Liver function (elevated liver enzymes) and neurological status (due to potential cerebral edema)?
Also called "Flat head syndrome", where one side of a baby’s skull becomes flattened due to external pressure.
What is plagiocephaly?
A viral respiratory infection that causes inflammation and swelling of the upper airway, leading to a characteristic "barking" cough, stridor, and difficulty breathing?
What is croup?
Surgical placement of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid is the most common treatment for which condition in children?
What is hydrocephalus?
What is the primary treatment for moderate scoliosis (25-40 degrees of curvature)?
What is Bracing to prevent further curvature?
An infant presents with a rapidly increasing head circumference and bulging fontanels. What condition should be suspected?
What is A: Hydrocephalus?
What is one of the main causes of cerebral palsy in newborns?
What is "Hypoxic-ischemic injury (lack of oxygen during birth or shortly after)"?
A congenital condition where there is an opening or gap in the roof of the mouth (palate), which can affect feeding, speech, and hearing?
What is a cleft palate?
A tool that is is commonly used to track the growth of a child’s head circumference over time available on the CDC website?
What are Growth charts?
A medical emergency characterized by a prolonged seizure lasting more than 5 minutes or repeated seizures without recovery in between.
What is status epilepticus?