Growth and Development/Mental Health
This should be avoided when a child is taking Methylphenidate, prescribed for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Caffeine
These are key interventions the nurse completes when a child is having a seizure.
prevent aspiration- side-lying position, suction available, prevent injury, time the seizure, etc.
A child with cystic fibrosis must ingest this along with every meal and snack.
Pancreatic enzymes should be given with every meal and snack to help with digestion.
Excessive tearing can lead to this eye disorder.
Nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Diphtheria causes a pseudomembrane on the tongue, uvula, and soft palate. The patient is at risk for this.
This stage is when manifestations of autism are first seen.
Toddler
Seizure precautions should be in place for this infection affecting the meninges, commonly leading to increased intracranial pressure.
Bacterial meningitis
Mononucleosis can lead to enlargement of which organs?
liver and spleen- need to avoid contact sports or strenuous activity
These are teaching points for discharge for a child who has received a vesicostomy.
incontinent stoma- will need to monitor skin around stoma. It should constantly be draining. If it does not drain, you can place warm washcloth over stoma or submerge child in warm bath water. You will need to dilate the stoma often to ensure it stays open. There is no bag attached.
Manifestations of osteogenesis Imperfecta include these.
blue sclera, multiple fractures, small discolored teeth, easy bruising- any amount of pressure can cause bruising or fracture
Industry vs. inferiority is the developmental stage, according to Erickson that a child of this age would be in.
School-age (6-12 years)
What are the other stages?
infant, toddler, preschool, adolescent?
This is a priority when assessing a child with Wilms Tumor
Do not palpate or press on the abdomen!
A child is post-op tonsillectomy. This is a sign of hemorrhage
A weight loss greater than this amount is a manifestation of sever dehydration in an infant.
10%
Hip spica cast instructions
Changed frequently by provider as child grows
• Typically in place for 6 weeks to 3 months
Assess and maintain the cast
Perform frequent assessment of the skin integrity,
especially in diaper area
Assess and control pain
Evaluate hydration and elimination status
Avoid getting cast wet- sponge bathing
A waterproof barrier should be applied
around the genital opening of the spica
cast to prevent soiling with urine or feces!
Birth weight typically doubles by this age.
5 months
When administering IVIG, the nurse understands these guidelines.
Assess baseline serum
BUN and creatinine
• Renal insufficiency
may occur as
serious adverse
reaction
• Ensure child is well
hydrated before infusion
• Decreases risk for
rate-related
reactions
• Assess vital signs and
check for adverse
reactions every 15
minutes for the first hour,
then every 30 minutes
throughout infusion or
per hospital policy
• Do not shake the IVIG-
foaming can cause the
immunoglobulin protein
to degrade
Acute rheumatic fever develops 2-6 weeks after an untreated or ineffectively treated infection of the respiratory tract- usually what type of infection
Streptococcal infection of the throat/pharynx
How do we prevent streptococcal pharyngitis from spreading? change toothbrush, keep child home from school for 24 hours after the start of antibiotics
The initial surgery to correct this disease creates an ostomy, allowing the bowel to rest. The ostomy is temporary and is corrected during the second surgery.
Hirschsprung Disease
Nursing considerations for perioperative care of child undergoing myelomeningocele sac
repare the newborn and family for surgery (usually done 24-72 hours
after birth); protect the sac from injury; infant should be placed in incubator without
clothing; apply sterile, moist, non-adhering dressing with sterile NS on the sac
and change every 2 hours; avoid rectal temperatures; monitor/report leakage of
fluid around sac; education- there will be decreased motor and sensory
function of lower extremities postoperatively
Postoperative: Monitor for s/s of infection; assess pain, manifestations of increased
ICP; keep incision site free from urine or feces; maintain prone position
These are all normal findings for a 15-month-old toddler.
Should be able to stand upright without support
temper tantrums are normal and should be ignored
Do not communicate with yes/no questions. Toddlers often exhibit negativism and will answer questions with "no".
Be mindful of your sequence of physical examination- least invasive first
These are the education points for a child with sickle-cell anemia
Seek immediate attention for ANY febrile illness
Obtain vaccinations and adhere to penicillin prophylaxis
Encourage adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration
Avoid overexertion or stress
Have 24-hour access to provider and facility familiar with sickle cell care
Seek medical care immediately if any of the following develop:
Child is pale and listless
Abdominal pain
Limp or swollen joints
Cough, shortness of breath, chest pain
Unusual headache, loss of feeling, sudden weakness
Sudden vision changes
Painful erection that won’t go down
Peeling of the perineum is a manifestation of this cardiac disorder that can be seen in children.
Kawasaki Disease
This is a calculation of a child's daily fluid requirement in mL for IV fluid maintenance in a 24 hour period. The child weighs 16 kg.
1300mL
100mL/kg of weight for the first 10 kg, then add 50mL/kg of weight for the next 10 kg=number of mL/24 hours
How much output is considered normal? 1-2mL/kg/hr
Nursing considerations for caring for child with staphylococcal scalded syndrome
systemic antibiotics,
Burow’s solution or saline for gentle
cleansing, compresses of 0.25% silver
nitrate, acute hospitalization, IV fluids,
analgesics, bandaging Prevent risk of scarring by minimal
handling, avoiding corticosteroids,
and applying soothing ointment as
skin heals