Bad Perfusion
This is the earliest sign of shock in children
What is TACHYCARDIA?
These medications are given for comfort only and do not prevent seizures
What are ANTIPYRETICS?
Aim is for maximum flexion of spine (curl into foetal position), but avoid over-flexing neck, especially in infants, as this may cause respiratory compromise.
What is AN INFANT LUMBAR PUNCTURE?
BREATHING EXERCISES, GUIDED IMAGERY, THERPEUTIC PLAY, DISTRACTION, AND NONNUTRITIVE SUCKING?
What are Non-pharmacologic pain intervention(s) for children
A type of emesis that is a critical finding and sign of a surgical emergency in infants and toddlers
What is BILIOUS?
20 mL/kg
What is A BOLUS OF ISOTONIC CRYSTALLOIDS FOR a PEDIATRIC PATIENT?
Anticipate this diagnostic test for all children between 3 and 36 months of age presenting with fever without an obvious source of infection
What is a URINALYSIS?
This position is a combination of flexion at the atlanto-axial joint and extension at the atlanto-occipital joint to reposition and open the airway in a child.
What is THE SNIFFING POSITION?
GRUNTING, RETRACTIONS, TACHYPNEA, CYANOSIS, PALLOR, STRIDOR, HEAD-BOBBING, AND NASAL FLARING?
What are signs of RESPIRATORY DISTRESS?
Poking, tingling, itches, hair on tongue, feels funny, something stuck in throat, lips feel tight, bugs in there
What are WAYS A CHILD MIGHT DESCRIBE AN ALLERGIC REACTION?
The preferred site and route for the administration of epinephrine in anaphylaxis
What is LATERAL THIGH, INTRAMUSCULAR?
Increased metabolic rate, body surface to mass ratio, and concentration of intracellular water predispose febrile neonates and infants to this fluid imbalance
What is DEHYDRATION?
This is considered a vital sign in children and should be obtained on every child, regardless of complaint
What is WEIGHT IN KILOGRAMS?
This pain scale is best used on children less than 30 days old
What is the NEONATAL INFANT PAIN SCALE (NIPS)?
Unknown home address, lack of identification, and a vague or inconsistent history of present illness
What are red flags for HUMAN TRAFFICKING?
The fluid bolus volume to administer for a neonate or a child in cardiogenic shock OR the volume of packed red blood cells for a child
What is 10 mL/kg?
This route is contraindicated for temperature measurement and medication administration in children with neutropenia and diarrhea
What is RECTAL?
Proximal tibia, distal tibia, proximal humerus, and distal femur
What are PEDIATRIC INSERTION SITES FOR INTRAOSSEOUS ACCESS?
In a volume of 0.2–1 mL, this is a common administration route for fentanyl, midazolam, and ketamine (among others)
What is INTRANASAL?
This is the mnemonic for bruises on non-exploring
surfaces of the body in children under 4 years of age
What is TEN-4?
This kind of capillary refill is seen in early septic shock
What is FLASH?
Non-blanching rash, reduced skin turgor, weak cry, respiratory rate greater than 60 breaths per minute
What are INDICATIONS THAT A FEBRILE PATIENT IS AT HIGH RISK FOR SERIOUS ILLNESS?
Also accept signs of sepsis or bacterial meningitis. Refer to page 61 of the manual.
Lip-smacking, staring, odd eye movements, blinking, and bicycling legs
What are SIGNS OF SEIZURE ACTIVITY IN AN INFANT?
Face, legs, activity, cry, and consolability
What are INDICATORS USED IN THE FLACC SCALE?
A neonatal pulse oximetry measurement of less than 95% or a difference of more than 3% from the right hand and either foot
What is SUSPICIOUS FOR A CONGENITAL HEART DEFECT?