Integumentary System
This is an inflammatory reaction due to an irritant or something you touch
What is Contact Dermatitis?
This defect in children differs from the causes you typically see in adults. This condition is primarily due to:
- Volume overload
- Pressure overload
- Decreased contractility
- Cardiac output demands
What is Congenital Heart Failure (CHF)?
Foul breath is common for this condition if the culprit is strep
What is Bacterial Pharyngitis?
Paralysis often occurs approximately 10 days after a nonspecific viral illness with this condition
What is Guillain-Barre Syndrome?
These occur as a result of repeated muscle contraction, often due to repetitive weight-bearing sports such as running, gymnastics, and basketball
What are Stress Fractures?
This condition has a hallmark sign of a "bulls-eye" rash
What is Lyme Disease?
This condition manifests as a "hole" in the interatrial septum, creating a left-to-right shunt.
What is Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?
This infection is very commonly preceded by an upper respiratory infection, passive smoke inhalation, or crowded living conditions
What is Otitis Media (Ear Infection)?
Botox, Baclofen, and Valium are given to patients with this condition to decrease spasticity
What is Cerebral Palsy?
This is the result of increased pressure within a closed space, which then compromises circulation to the muscles and nerves within that space
What is Compartment Syndrome?
This is the most common fungal infection among school-aged children
What is Ringworm?
The failure of this side of the heart leads to hepatomegaly and edema in the extremities.
What is Right-Sided Heart Failure?
This is an infection caused by sickling in the lungs. Repeated episodes of this infection can lead to pulmonary hypertension.
What is Acute Chest Syndrome?
This condition is the most serious neural tube defect and is incompatible with life. Many infants with this condition are stillborn. There will be no resuscitation efforts
What is Anencephaly?
This is a congenital disorder, occurring as a result of abnormal positioning in utero, causing contracture of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
What is Torticollis?
This is a common skin infection that manifests as a honey-crusted lesion and is often caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus bacteria.
What is Impetigo?
This heart defect comes in 4 different forms:
- Membranous
- Muscular
- Outlet
- Inlet
What is Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?
This condition includes manifestations such as enuresis, snoring, interrupted sleep patterns, and neurobehavioral problems
What is Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome?
This is also known as "floppy infant syndrome". The muscles feel atrophied, they have head lag, and they often have poor suction
What is Hypotonia?
The cause of this condition is unknown. Risk factors include female gender, first pregnancy, family history, breech position, high birth weight, joint laxity, and postnatal positioning. It comes in two forms: Idiopathic and Teratologic.
What is Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)?
This is a chronic recurrent inflammatory process often associated with asthma
What is Eczema?
There is a vessel that connects the aorta to the pulmonary artery in a fetus. This congenital heart defect occurs when this structure fails to close before birth.
What is Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?
This condition is an X-linked inheritance pattern; one third are fresh mutations. Most children reach their developmental milestones and then begin to show muscle weakness around age 3
What is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)?
What is Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease?
This disease comes in 3 phases:
1. Early localized disease
2. Early disseminated disease
3. Systemic involvement of multi-systems
What is Lyme Disease?
This is a chronic, multi-system, autoimmune disease of connective tissues and blood vessels characterized by inflammation. Symptoms are variable and unpredictable and can be mild to life-threatening
What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?
Children are at risk for these two conditions post-strep
What is Rheumatic Fever and Glomerulonephritis?
This is the main lab used to diagnose children with hypotonia
What is Creatine Kinase (CK)?
Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis is considered an unrecognized underlying medical problem that can lead to this condition
What is Sudden Death of an Athlete (Instantaneous Death)?
One treatment for this infection is Permethrin cream. You place it all over the body from feet to scalp, leave it on for 6-8 hours, and then wash away. Repeat this treatment 2 weeks later. Often, you want to treat the entire family.
What is Scabies?
This is a self-limiting disease that usually resolves after 6-8 weeks. Without treatment, about 20-25% of children will develop cardiac sequelae
What is Kawasaki Disease?
This infection is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus that most commonly infects people younger than 25. It manifests anywhere from 10 days to 6 weeks after exposure. It manifests as photophobia, sore throat, fatigue, white patches on the tonsils, cough, fever and chills
What is Mononucleosis?
This is the most common anomaly associated with myelomeningocele
What is Hydrocephalus?
Inflammation of the iris (iridocyclitis) and of the ciliary body (uvetitis) are unique symptoms of this condition
What is Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis?