Symtpoms
What is the hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis in an infant?
Projectile vomiting after feeding
Which lab value indicates metabolic alkalosis in a child with persistent vomiting?
Elevated pH and HCO3 (bicarbonate)
What is the priority nursing intervention for a child with dehydration?
Start IV fluids (isotonic solution like NS or LR)
What should you teach parents about diarrhea management at home?
Continue feeding, use oral rehydration, avoid sugary drinks or juice
What is a dangerous sign in a child with appendicitis?
Sudden pain relief followed by worsening condition (possible rupture)
What abdominal finding is often present in appendicitis?
Rebound tenderness at McBurney’s point
What electrolyte imbalance is most common in dehydration?
Low sodium (hyponatremia) or low potassium (hypokalemia)
What is the pre-op nursing action for pyloric stenosis?
NPO status and gastric decompression via NG tube
What is a key education point for failure to thrive?
Monitor daily weight, feed high-calorie foods, assess feeding environment
What finding would require urgent intervention in pyloric stenosis?
Signs of hypovolemic shock (cool extremities, weak pulses, hypotension)
What are two symptoms of moderate to severe dehydration in a toddler?
Sunken eyes or fontanel, dry mucous membranes, tachycardia, low urine output
What lab would be elevated in appendicitis?
WBC
What is the first step in managing diarrhea in a toddler?
Oral rehydration solution (e.g., Pedialyte)
How should you teach a parent to assess hydration in their infant?
Watch for wet diapers (at least 6/day), tears with crying, moist mouth
What indicates a child with diarrhea needs hospitalization?
Lethargy, poor oral intake, no urine in 8 hours, persistent vomiting