Peds review pt 2

Kidney Chronicles

100

What is the most common cause of urinary tract infections in children

E. coli

200

What condition is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema

nephrotic syndrome

300

A child presents with hematuria, hypertension, and periorbital edema. What is the likely diagnosis?

Acute glomerulonephritis

400

Name the most common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pediatric patients.

prerenal failure (due to dehydration or hypovolemia)

500

What diagnostic test helps determines the estimate of severity of Chronic kidney disease/impairment 

• Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR):  possibly decreased-determines the estimate of severity of kidney impairment

Skin-tastic Stories

100

What is the most common cause of diaper rash in infants?

Candida albicans (yeast infection)

200

This fungal infection of the scalp is common in school-aged children

tinea capitis

300

This itchy, red skin condition is common in children with allergies or asthma.

Eczema (atopic dermatitis)

400

This viral infection causes crops of itchy vesicles on the skin and is highly contagious.

varicella (chickenpox)

500

A nurse is assessing an infant who has scabies. What should the nurse expect?

- Blisters on the soles of the feet

- Pencil-like marks on hands

- Pimples on the trunk

Fracture Fun Facts

100

The fracture includes small fragments of bone that lie in surrounding tissue.

Comminuted

200

What is the most common type of fracture in children?

greenstick fracture

300

What fracture results in injury to other organs and tissues

Complicated fracture

400

A nurse is caring for a child who is in skeletal traction.  Name 2 nursing care actions the nurse should take

- Ensure weights hang freely

- Monitor skin integrity for impairment

- Monitor pin sites frequently

500

You are concerned for possible Compartment syndrome. What are the 5 P you are assessing for? 

• Pain that is unrelieved with elevation or analgesics; increases with passive movement.
• Paresthesia or numbness (early finding).
• Pulselessness distal to the fracture (late finding).
• Paralysis or an inability to move digits (nerve damage).
• Pale, cold skin and cyanosis to nail beds.

Pulling Points

100

Name one nursing intervention for a child in traction

assessing skin integrity

200

This type of traction is commonly used for femur fractures in children

Bryant’s traction

300

This type of traction is used for lower leg fractures and is applied via skin straps

Buck’s traction

400

Name the complication associated with traction that requires immediate intervention

compartment syndrome

500

Buck, Russell and Bryant are all which type of tractions

Skin traction:

uses a pulling force that is applied by weights. Using tape and straps applied to the skin along with boots and/or cuffs, weights are attached by a rope to the extremity

Gut Instincts

100

This condition in infants causes projectile vomiting and an olive-shaped mass in the abdomen

pyloric stenosis

200

This intestinal condition causes red currant jelly stools

intussusception

300

Name the congenital condition where the large intestine lacks nerve cells

Hirschsprung’s disease

400

A child with celiac disease must avoid this protein

gluten

500

This condition is a medical emergency where the bowel twists on itself

volvulus